RANGKAIAN ELEKTRONIKA| SKEMA RANGKAIAN|RANGKAIAN ELEKTRONIK

Motor Servo Digital

2011-04-12T20:20:00.000-07:00

Motor Servo Digital Definition

Servo motor is a motor that can work both ways (CW and CCW) where the direction and angle rotornya movement can be controlled only by giving the setting duty cycle PWM signal on the pin control. Type of Motor servo motor capacity determine the weight-bearing load. Servo Motor outline there are 2 types, namely 180 ° Standard Servo Motor and Servo Motor Continuous. 180 ° Standard Servo Motor is only able to move both directions (CW and CCW) with the respective deflection angle reaches 90 ° so that the total deflection angle from the right - middle - left is 180 °. Meanwhile, Continuous Servo Motor is capable of moving both directions (CW and CCW) without restriction deflection angle (can rotate continuously).

Image Motor Servo. Signaling Servo Motor

Servo motor will work best if given control pin on the PWM signal with a frequency of 50Hz. At which time a signal with frequency of 50Hz was reached on condition Ton 1.5ms duty cycle, the rotor of the motor will stop right in the middle (angle 0 ° / neutral). At Ton duty cycle of the signal is given less than 1.5ms, then the rotor will rotate to the left with an angle that the linear to the amount of Ton duty cycle, and positioned it will survive. And conversely, if Ton duty cycle of the signal is given more than 1.5ms, then the rotor will rotate to the right with an angle which is also linear tosize of Ton duty cycle , and ispositioned to survive .

Rangkaian Amplifier Mini-Mini High Impedance Amplifier

2011-04-12T20:15:00.000-07:00

Rangkaian Amplifier Mini-Mini High Impedance Amplifier

Mini High Impedance Amplifier is an amplifier with 1 Watt and have a very high input impedance. This amplifier circuit can have a very high input impedance due to the use of two transistors in the input that is placed Darlington. Input impedance amplifier circuit is reached 20MOhm. Rangkaian Mini amplifier High Impedance Amplifier uses four transistors and an IC 741. Gain amplifier with high input impedance, we can provide the input signal from pernagkat with weak levels though.

Mini Series High Impedance Amplifier. Mini High impedance amplifier circuit is very cheap to make and quite simple. This amplifier circuit mengguanakan 9VDC supply.

Skema Rangkaian Alarm Cahaya

2011-04-12T20:13:00.000-07:00

Light alarm network is very simple but has a good ability. Network alarm light is effectively used in preventing the opening of cupboards / drawers should be closed. Alarm light is activated when there is light. In principle, these enable network alarm light sensor light alarm when the masu mendekteksi light in the room.

Alarm network is the way it works is very simple and the production is not too complicated, simple. From his name is known that this alarm will work when the light is detected. With these functions in the network can be used as a burglar alarm or alarm open closet / drawers should be closed.

Light Alarm System

Alarm is dikatifkan when the sensor light that comes on the status of certain evidence. Setting clear standards - can be dimmed by adjusting potentiometer R12. This system has two advantages that come with time delay alarm activation, regulation buzzer sounds and a detector batteries.

Network alarm light used as energy sources for 9V batteries can be taken to carry, but not impossible to be the source of energy from a 12V power supply. Network in Figure 1 is part of a complete range of light alarm. In Figure 1 is a network of active alarm delay when the button SW1 on 'ON'-kan / in the press.

With the existence of this network will allow users to put the alarm in a closet / drawer before the alarm is active. Network in a network formed from C1, R1, R2, Q1 and D1. At the time of the SW1 button will overload the capacitor C1 through R1 until the voltage to the user base of close to 0 volts. This will cause transistor Q1 will be active and forcing the voltage at pin 1 IC 1A will be high.

IC 1 is an inverter gate with schimtt trigger sebanya 6 pieces. IC in a CMOS IC that suplainya maximum voltage is 18 volts so the current supply voltage (9 V from the battery or 12V from an external power supply) can still work well.

IC1 pin 1 on the condition that this will lead to whatever high voltage generated by the voltage distribution of R3, R12 and R11 (LDR) does not change is close to 5 volts.

A few seconds after the load capacitor has a full base voltage of Q1 is enough to make the Q1 to turn OFF until the voltage on pin 1 is really controlled by the voltage division between R3, R12 (potentiometer) and R11 (LDR).

So when Q1 ON, the voltage at IC1 pin 1 point would still hold about 5 volts and the voltage division between R3, R11, and R12 will be ignored. Conversely when Q1 OFF the voltage on IC1 pin 1 point will be determined by the voltage division between the three detainees. Therefore, when Q1 ON so any light condition (bright / dim) will not affect the system so that the buzzer will always OFF. If the required time delay is longer then the value of capacitor C1 can be replaced by a slightly greater. The greater the value of capacitor C1 will cause the delay activity of the system will be longer.

Network Schmitt Trigger and Trigger Schimtt BuzzerRangkaian timer and timer Buzzer

Network at the front in figure 2 is a logic circuit to determine the state of the light from a dark light. With the use of an inverter with Schmitt trigger to prevent unwanted trigger.

LDR is a component that has characteristics in which the high resistance when not exposed to light, but the resistance will drop dramatically when the LDR exposed to light. LDR, the decrease of the resistance is also affected by the intensity of light coming into the LDR, the higher the intensity of light so the lower the resistance value.

When Q1 OFF, and in dark conditions, the voltage at IC1 pin 1 will be generated from the distribution of tension between R3, R11 and R12 to produce high voltage, high enough to be considered by the gate logic inverter.

While on the contrary when the light condition, the voltage at pin 1 will be quite low due to the resistance of LDR is down dramatically. This voltage value varies based on the light-redupnya light into LDR. This condition can cause the trigger repeatedly so as to avoid triggers, such as was used by Schmitt trigger gate, the gate of the inverter system is used. Selection policy is as cheap and in a package are six gates.

The output of the inverter IC1a have to be logical and direct diumpakan buzzer. However, in figure 2, in front of IC1a added network that serves to regulate the way / the old sound of the buzzer. When the output of the gate IC1a high through R4 and C4 (LPF filter) will be men-drive IC1b to be low and causing the output capacitor C6 and unloading. This will cause the voltage at pin 5 IC1C be low for some time interval (for a capacitor C8 Dec-charge) and provide high output to the base of transistor Q2. Active transistor Q2 will cause the buzzer goes.

A moment later (after the Dec-charge capacitor C8) capacitor C8 will make refilling and then the voltage at pin 5 IC1c will rise again from the low output at the base of transistor Q2, buzzer off. Be an active set of the old buzzer Dec-time charge - charge capacitor C8 and R6.

Figure 3

Low Battery Detector Network

But if you want buzzer forever remain active until the jumper JP3 OFF SW1 to be connected. JP3 is connected to force the input voltage pin 3 IC1b be low until the buzzer will sound continuously while LDR is not exposed to light again. Buzzer will die setalh SW1 OFF button. Conversely when the JP3 jumper is not connected so buzzer will sound when the LDR is exposed to light. After the LDR is exposed to light, the buzzer will not sound.

Detector Batteries

This system is designed to use power supply from the batteries and therefore should be made to dketahui detector batteries for use when the batteries are already eligible for these to be replaced. Battery voltage is low terlau can cause false alarms in the system interprets the light-dark light. In addition to the buzzer sounds with a more ketch and weak.

As in figure 3, the battery detector is built of a series of D7 and R10. When the battery voltage (VCC) above 4.3 volts, the leakage current is still there to R10 and is sufficient to cause tension in the pin 9 IC1d high. This will cause the oscillator which is formed of a series of IC1e, R9, C8, C5, and R8 is not working so that a voltage at pin 13 IC1f high. This will cause Q2 OFF, and only depends on the IC1c.

Figure 4

Complete Network Alarm Cahay

On the other hand when the battery voltage is below 4.3 volts voltage, no leakage current until the voltage on the R10 to pin 9 is close to 0 volts and is regarded as logic low. This condition causes the active oscillator so pin 13 IC1f will get the pulse-pulse from the oscillator so that Q2 will be active as well. Pulse-pulse generated by IC1f Q2 will turn even IC1c also active.

This state will hear the sounds blend with a higher frequency when the buzzer sounds to get enough light system.

LDR sensitivity settings

LDR sensitivity setting set by potentiometer R11. At default settings, position the potentiometer into the middle. Then put the light in place to detect and set the potentiometer to make a sound when get a light and sound when the system does not get light.

Pengatikfan buzzer duration determined by the C6 and R6, for a longer period is recommended to replace the capacitor with a higher value.

For larger buzzer, which require greater flow of transistor Q2 can be replaced with a Darlington transistor collector current is greater. Look at current consumption and the ability of current buzzer that could be missed by the collector on the transistor Q2.

Rangkaian Pengisi Baterai 6V

2011-04-12T20:08:00.001-07:00

Rangkaian Pengisi Baterai 6V

Automatic Lead Acid Battery Charger or more delicious called wet battery charger that automatically. This circuit can charge wet batteries and fully charge it after a series of "Automatic Lead Acid Battery Charger" will cut off charging current automatically. Automatic circuit Lead Acid Battery Charger is Relay as the current breaker. Automatic circuit Lead Acid Battery Charger can be used to fill the 12-volt batteries and 6 volt, depending on the setting of reference points and the election. Reading of the peak voltage (full charge) using a comparator which is on the IC NE555. Starter switch circuit has a charging that serves to initiate the process of charging the batteries.

Automatic circuit Lead Acid Battery Charger. Automatic circuit Lead Acid Battery Charger using Power Charge on a NPN transistor and limiting charging current A671 is R 27 Ohm. Voltage reference marker position of full charge is set with 2 pieces of variable resistor 22K and his election to the selector switch. The point of the selected switch is set to 14 Volts for Accu 12 Volt and 7.5 Volt to 6 volt batteries.

Komponen Strain Gauge

2011-04-12T20:05:00.000-07:00

Strain gauges are electronic components that serves to measure the pressure or weight. "Strain Gauge"was first discovered by Edward E. Simmons in 1983 in the form of metal foil that is insulif (isolation) attached to the body weight pressure to be measured. In principle, if the strain gauge given the pressure of the electrical resistance strain gauge will change because the process of deformation in the strain gauge the magnitude of change in electrical resistance will be followed received esarnya changes in pressure strain gauge.

Figure illustration strain gauge

strain gauge, pressure sensors, load sensors

Value change in resistance in strain gauge pressure changes are not significant, so in order to provide electrical changes in the value of the change in resistance of strain gauge is incorporated into the Wheatstone bridge circuit as shown below.

The amount received by the strain gauge pressure expressed in terms of gauge factor, GF which is defined as follows.

formula strain gauge, strain gauge, Where RG is the resistance before the strain gauge or pressure given before any deformation, AR is the change in electrical resistance that occurs and e is the pressure.

Skema Rangkaian Solar Tracker With AT89S52

2011-04-12T19:59:00.000-07:00

Sensor Cahaya pada Solar tracker With AT89S52

Diagram Blok Solar tracker With AT89S52

AT89S52 With sun tracker is a tool used to control the direction of the panel Solar Cell for always getting sunlight. AT89S52 With solar tracker uses a light sensor as a light detector. AT89S52 With solar tracker uses dc motors for Solar Cell panels menegendalikan direction. Broadly speaking AT89S52 With Solar tracker may be analogous as a tool to adjust the position of the exposure to the solar cell matahri direction by Ensor sensing light and a DC motor which is controlled using a microcontroller AT89S52.

Block Diagram With Solar tracker AT89S52. Pictured above is a series that could be used for the light sensor on the solar tracker With AT89S52. The light sensor on AT89S52 With Solar tracker can use the LDR. Configuring LDR on Solar Tracker With AT89S52 using OP-Amp as a signal conditioner output of the LDR

Skema Rangkaian Power Supply Simetris Variabel LM317/337

2011-04-12T19:53:00.000-07:00

Skema Rangkaian Power Supply Simetris Variabel LM317/337

Symmetrical Variable Power Supply LM317/337 is a series of power supply with output symmetrical with tgangan output that can be set (adjustment). Symmetrical Variable Power Supply Rangkiaan LM317/337 uses LM317 variable DC regulator to regulator positive and negative voltage regulator for variable voltage regulator negativenya LM37. Symmetrical Power Supply series LM317/337 Variables can be used to provide the source voltage with maximum current 1A. In the application field can be mounted voltmeters at each point its output to ease in setting the output voltage level circuit Symmetrical Variable Power Supply LM317/337 this. Following a series of Symmetrical Variable Power Supply LM317/337 in question.

Symmetrical Variable Power Supply series LM317/337. Symmetrical Power Supply series LM317/337 above variables using the input source voltage of 18V AC 18V CT transformer CT. To set a positive voltage level by adjusting the potentiometer can dilkakukan 25K at the LM317 regulator and to regulate the negative voltage level carried out by adjusting the potentiometer 25K at the LM337 negative voltage regulator.

Rangkaian remote control -Tester Infra Red Remote Control

2011-04-12T19:46:00.000-07:00

Rangkaian remote control -Tester Infra Red Remote Control

Infra Red Remote Control Tester is a simple circuit that serves to test the remote control with infrared (IR). This circuit will give a response as to receive infrared light emitted from the remote control. Tester Series Infra Red Remote Control consists of an infrared receiver in the form of photo diode, IC 7414 and schmit triger a LED indicator. Tester Series Infra Red Remote Control is working with the source voltage to 5 VDC 3VDC. Picture a full suite of Infra Red Remote Control Tester can be seen as follows.

Image Series Infra Red Remote Control Tester. When the infrared receiver on a series of Infra Red Remote Control Tester is received from a remote infrared pancara who tested it on pin 13 IC 7414 will occurs a drastic change in voltage that will give triger to pin 11 IC7414 ynag used to mendrive LED D2 through the IC1d IC7414 . LED D2 will provide appropriate response to the signal received by D1 (infrared receiver) which is a signal from a remote that tested.

Gambar Konfigurasi Pin Dekoder BCD ke 7 Segmen 74LS247

2011-04-12T19:44:00.001-07:00

Gambar Konfigurasi Pin Dekoder BCD ke 7 Segmen 74LS247

Description BCD to 7 Segment Decoder 74LS247

BCD to 7 Segment Decoder is used to change the password input in the form of binary coded decimal (BCD) into the password corresponding to 7 segment format. BCD to 7 segment decoder is used to change data bcd 4 bits of microcontroller or logic signal that can be used to power the appropriate viewer 7 segment BCD value of data input. 74,247 set-top box has 4 pieces of input data, each A, B, C, and D seven outputs are: a, b, c, d, e, f and a few feet to control ie, RB In (RBI), RB Out (). To operate the 74LS247 decoder to output a - g produces a decimal display of BCD data on inputs A0 - A3 then the legs and BI / given a logic high then the BCD data provided on the legs of A0 - A3. Facilities (Lamp Test is used to test the condition of the viewer 7 segment. Facility BI / it functions to negate the input data and gives the look of blank in the viewer 7 segment. 74 247 decoder output on line a - f are connected to the input line 7 segment viewer.

Pin Configuration Figure BCD to 7 Segment Decoder 74LS247. 74LS247 decoder foot function is as follows:

1. Leg A0 - A3 function as data input line 4-bit BCD.
2. RBI foot to function as an input control Riple Blanking Input.
3. Leg Lamp serves as an input control test.
4. Leg BI / function as an input control Riple Blanking Blanking Input or Output.
5. Legs of a - g serves as output to the viewer 7 segment common anode

Rangkaian IC TDA7294 120 Watt Audio Power Amplifier Circuit

2011-04-12T19:40:00.000-07:00

Rangkaian IC TDA7294 120 Watt Audio Power Amplifier Circuit

Amplifer with IC number TDA7293 for process sound system. This amplifer was have the input for a radio, TV, stereo or other line level device. It also has a phono input for a record player, guitar, microphone or other un-amplified source. With the addition of a low pass filter at the input, it makes a great amp for a small subwoofer.

Parts

R : 660 Ohm 1/4 W Resistor = 2 pcs.
R : 22K 1/4 W Resistor = 5 pcs.
R : 10K 1/4 W Resistor = 1 pcs.
R : 30K 1/4 W Resistor = 1 pcs.
C : 2200uF 35V Electrolytic Capacitor = 2 pcs.
C : 0.22uF Capacitor = 2 pcs.
C : 22uF Capacitor = 4 pcs.
C : 0.45uF Capacitor = 2 pcs.
U1,2 : TDA7294 100W DMOS AUDIO AMPLIFIER WITH MUTE/ST-BY

T1 : 50V Center Tapped 5 Amp Transformer
S1 : SPST 3 Amp Switch
S2 : DPDT Switch
F1 : 2 Amp Fuse
SPKR1 : 8 Ohm 120W Speaker
MISC : Case, Knobs, Line Cord, Binding Posts Or Phono Plugs (For Input And Output), Heatsinks For Q1 And Q2

Stereo Headphone Amplifier headset

2011-04-12T19:36:00.000-07:00

Stereo Headphone Amplifier circuit uses DC voltage source 9Volt. As the name suggests this headphone amplifier circuit has inpur stereo and output to power about 50mW at 32 Ohm load. The series of "Stereo Headphone Amplifier" It uses mini-amplifier IC NE5534. Because of this NE5534 IC didalamanya there are 2 pieces mini amplifier then simply use 1 piece of IC NE5534 to Stereo Amplifier aHeadphone this. Stereo Headphone Amplifier series has this capability and low distortion, low noise. Stereo Headphone Amplifier circuit has a strengthening of 3.5 with 3.6 Vpp at 32 Ohm load.

Stereo Headphone Amplifier circuit. Sign Component Stereo Headphone Amplifier

P1 = 22K
R1 = 18K
R2 = 68K
R3 = 68K
R4 = 68K
R5 = 18K
R6 = 68K
C1 = 4.7uF/25v
C2 = 4.7uF/25v
C3 = 22pF
C4 = 220uF/25v
C5 = 220uF/25v
C6 = 4.7uF/25v
C7 = 22pF
C8 = 220uF/25v
J1 = 3.5mm Stereo Jack
B1 = 9V Alkaline Battery
IC1 = NE5532 or NE5534
SW1 = SPST Toggle Switch

Skema Pengontrol Suhu Mesin Penetas Telor Dengan AT89C2051

2011-04-12T19:32:00.000-07:00

Temperature Controller With Egg incubators AT89C2051 is a device used to control the room temperature egg incubators. The temperature at the incubator eggs will be monitored continuously by means of temperature control incubator Egg With this AT89C2051 based on temperature settings specified by the user. Temperature Control Equipment incubator Egg With this AT89C2051 monitor the room temperature egg hatching with the adde resolution of 0.1 ° C using a LM35 temperature sensor and display with 7 segment viewer. Heaters are used in egg incubators in the control by means of "Temperature Controller With Egg incubators AT89C2051" uses incandescent lamp is controlled using a triac. In this article presented the block diagram to make the tool "Temperature Controller With Egg incubators AT89C2051" and a brief explanation of the process undertaken Temperature Controller device incubator Egg With this AT89C2051.

Block Diagram of Temperature Controller With Egg incubators AT89C2051. Broadly speaking, the working principles of equipment from the block diagram described above is as follows:

LM35 temperature sensor will change the temperature scale into a voltage proportional to the temperature detected by 10mV/oC value. Then the voltage converted from the temperature sensor dubah become part of the frequency by voltage to frequency converter RC4151 with output frequency is 1000 x Vin. In part this frequency converter output voltage to the Schmitt trigger is passed on before they read by the microcontroller, it aims to improve the output of the converter in a digital pulse level. Keypad consists of three buttons is the SET button / OK, UP and DOWN. Keypad functions to deliver value setting the temperature limit means egg hatching at the desired temperature.

At the time the system starts the microcontroller reads the voltage frequency conversion results are comparable with the temperature read by the sensor. Microcontroller then compares these data with the frequency setting data, because data has not been loaded settings via the keypad, the microcontroller mengidentifkasikannya by setting 0 ° C so that the heater is not turned karen data of temperature readings greater than the setting data. Data readings are always displayed in units of temperature with a resolution of 0.1 oC oC. when the data of temperature readings is smaller than the data heater setting is enabled. Section zero crossing detector serves to medeteksi crosses 0 volts PLN nets that are used to initiate triac to activate the heating element in the form of incandescent lamp.

Rangkaian FM/AM Stereo Receiver CXA1538

2011-04-12T19:28:00.000-07:00

Preview FM / AM Stereo Receiver CXA1538 IC is an IC CXA1538 bipoloar receiver designed specifically for FM / AM stereo receiver section includes high performance FM / AM IF amplifier, FM / AM detector, stereo FM demodulator, VCO Terminal, stereo indicator. FM / AM Stereo Receiver CXA1538 mapu suppress noise well at 40dBu. FM / AM Stereo Receiver CXA1538 has a detector signal that will make the change from stereo to mono mode when the received signal is weak around 10 -15 DBU. radioFM / AM Stereo Receiver CXA1538 has a track stereo and mono mode selection manually, the pin 3. FM / AM Stereo Receiver CXA1538 also has a soft muting that will work automatically when a low signal in the range of 23dB.

Series FM / AM Stereo Receiver CXA1538.
Features FM / AM Stereo Receiver CXA1538

* Low power consumption (FM = 11.0 mA, AM = 8.5 mA, VCC = 6.0 V)
* LED tuning indicator
* LED indicator Stereo
* Muting circuit on FM
* Few external components

Diagram Blok Prinsip Kerja Sensor Panas Pyroelectric Detektor Eltec E442-3

2011-04-12T19:24:00.000-07:00

Heat Sensors Working Principle pyroelectric detectors Eltec E442-3 that is detected by changes in temperature pyroelectric detectors Heat Sensor Eltec E442-3 will be converted into voltage levels by the detector and temperature compensation in the initial block diagram. The voltage was obtained and confirmed by the pre-amp before going into the second op-amp that serves as a voltage comparator. The voltage comparator, voltage level will be compared with a reference voltage (2.5 V) and the results will be output from these sensors. Here is a block digram workings of pyroelectric detectors Heat Sensor E442-3 Eltec this.

Diagram Block of Heat Sensors Working Principle pyroelectric detectors Eltec E442-3

Heat Sensors Working Principle pyroelectric detectors Eltec E442-3, Heat Sensors Working Principle, the principle of pyroelectric detectors work Eltec E442-3, characteristic of pyroelectric detectors Eltec E442-3, heat sensor characteristics, characteristics of the IR-EYE, IR-EYE working principle, working principle pyroelectric sensor fire detectors Eltec E442-3, characteristic of pyroelectric detectors fire sesnsor Eltec E442-3. We have an internal bias voltage on pin 3 pyroelectric detectors Heat Sensor Eltec E442-3. This voltage is used to drive an internal output amplifier. Maximum tension offset referenced from that point. The voltage reference provides zero for low drift DC coupling a comparator or converter a / d. The maximum current for this pin is 20 μA. Please note that the load current exceeding 20 μA can affect work performance of pyroelectric detectors Heat Sensor Eltec E442-3.
Characteristics of pyroelectric detectors Heat Sensor Eltec E442-3 according to the datasheet

* D (cm Hz1/2/W, BW-1Hz) 2.2 x 10-8
* NEP (W/Hz1/2, BW-1Hz) 1.1 x 10 --- 9
* Responsivity (V / W) 3.7 x 10-5
* Common Mode Rejection (Min.) 5 / 1
* Common Mode Rejection (Max.) 15 / 1
* Noise (mV/Hz1/2) 00:36
* Thermal Breakpoint 0:15 Hz
* Electrical Breakpoint 5 Hz
* Incident Power (Max.) 0.2 Watts
* Power Supply Voltage 5-15 VDC
* Power Supply Current (Max.) 2.0 mA

Gambar Konfigurasi DAC dengan Mikrokontroler MCS51

2011-04-07T14:08:00.000-07:00

DAC With MCS51 Microcontroller, The figure below shows the Configuration DAC With artificial MCS51 Microcontroller National Semiconductor, capacitors C1, C2 and form a series of 12 MHz XTAL oscillator, capacitor C3 and resistor R1 form a series reset. Digital scale is given to the B1 to B7 (leg 5 to 12) in the IC DAC0800, the binary value of the digital scale was converted into an analog magnitude of the current at IOUT (ft 4 DAC0800) and IOUT * (feet 2 DAC0800), then by IC Operational Amplifier LM741 flow is converted into voltage. The resulting voltage expressed by the formula shown in Figure below, in addition to depending on a digital scale weight value is given, this voltage depends on the size of Vref (DAC0800 14 feet).

Figure Configuring DAC with microcontroller MCS51. C3 is mounted on leg 16 and ground is useful for stabilizing the voltage generated. DAC0800 and LM741 using voltage source +12 Volt and -12 Volt, is somewhat different from the voltage that is usually used for digital circuits, so that digital signals can be received well IC DAC0800, DAC0800 equipped foot VLC (pin 1) for various voltage levels menyesesuaikan types of digital ICs. In the DAC0800 data sheet are shown in various series to be installed on this leg for DAC0800 can be used for a variety of digital IC family. In the circuit of Figure above, the DAC0800 is connected to the microcontroller MCS51 family who work at TTL voltage levels, for this purpose VLC leg connected to ground.

Behind the legs of the IC DAC0800 B1 through B8 are not equipped to accommodate a latch that is fed a digital scale, changing the combination of digital signals on the legs is a direct result of output voltage change. Construction inputs such DAC0800, DAC0800 result can not be connected directly to a channel-data (data bus) microprocessor system, the relationship DAC0800 to the processor must pass through the parallel port. In Figure 1, the DAC0800 is connected to the parallel port P1 from AT89Cx051. Connecting the DAC0800 to the other MCS51 family, for example AT89C51, can pass parelel ports P0, P1, P2 or P3, depending on the conditions established series. Instructions to remove the voltage in the circuit of Figure 1 is very simple, just mamakai instruction MOV P1, A analog scale with the understanding that wish to be raised previously been stored in the accumulator A.

Skema Flash Analog to Digital Converters (ADC) ADC 207

2011-04-07T13:55:00.001-07:00

Skema Flash Analog to Digital Converters (ADC) ADC 207

ADC ADC 207 is the first to use Flash Converting An High Speed VLSI Advandced 1.2 micron CMOS process. The process that is able to do the ADC 207 as mentioned earlier is very great and makes the ADC 207 is unique. The speed of the process of this ADC has a good linearity and have a stable temperature. ADC 207 has a lower power consumption is 250 mW. ADC is working with +5 VDC voltage source and at a frequency of 20 MHz. ADC 207 has a small sampling time is 12nS, thus making the ideal sampling results. ADC 207 has 128 features auto balanced comparators with each conversion that serves to offset the effects of temperature and existing dinamaik. Resistor ladder in the ADC 207 has a mid point that is connected to an external voltage source and function in the conversion of 7-bit linearity. ADC 207 has 3 levels of output that is easy to connect it with external components. Feature ADC 207

* 7-bit flash A / D Converter
* 20 MHz sampling frequency
* Low power consumption (250mW)
* 5 VDC VCC
* 1.2 micron CMOS technology
* 7 bits with 3 levels of output gates and overflow bits

DAC Type Binary Weigh Resistor

2011-04-07T13:52:00.000-07:00

Introduction DAC Digital To Analog Coneverter

Digital To Analog circuit can be built easily using the given op-amp input by setting switches that represent the digital scale. Berlogic value "1" if the switch is connected to supply 5 volts and logic "0" when connected with ground / removed. Basic Series Digital To Analog (DAC), there are 2 types:

DAC Type Binary Weigh In DAC Type Resistors Resistor Weight Binary, installation of the resistors on the inputs Do, D1, D2, ... is as follows: R value in D1 is ½ of the value that is in Do, the value of R that is in D2 is ½ of the value in D1 (or 1 / 4 of R that is in D0) and seterusnya.Pemasangan R value as it is to mendapatkanVoutyang linear (kenaikanper stepnyatetap). Rin sought to make parallel resistor values there are at each input (D), if the input is masuklebih than one. In DAC R-2R Ladder Type Installation of the value of resistors on the inputs it is the R-2R, so that the value of R = 10k, it was installed 20 k.Pemasangan 2R resistor value is as it is to get out a linear V (increase per his step-fixed).

Rangkaian Aplikasi DAC Untuk Audio With 24bit 96 kHz D/A Converter PCM1704

2011-04-07T13:50:00.000-07:00

Description With 24bit Audio DAC for 96 kHz D / A Converter PCM1704, PCM1704 DAC is a DAC with 24-bit digital-to-analog converter for audio systems with the demands of high performance da yg complex dynamics. It features an ultra-low distortion and excellent signal lowlevel performance or simply a high sensitivity of the PCM1704 ideal DAC is used in high end audio systems and professional audio systems. When used with other digital systems, PCM1704 DAC suport 8X oversampling at 96kHz. PCM1704 DAC made with technology and "BiCMOS architecture" that can menghilankan interference or noise that occurs because not liniesrnya system. PCM1704 DAC designed specifically to suppress the difference in linearity and Strengthening the disability factor. In the application of high-end audio DAC system is capable of eliminating disability PCM1704 audio signals and suppress distortion and noise. Features Of With 24bit Audio DAC for 96 kHz D / A Converter PCM1704

* Sampling Frequency (Fs): 16khz To 96kHz
* At 96kHz 8X Oversampling
* Input Audio Data Word: 20 -, 24-Bit
* High Performance:
o Dynamic Range: K Grade = 112db typ
o Snr: 120db typ
o THD + N: K Grade = 0.0008% typ
* Fast Output Current: ± 1.2ma/200ns
* Glitch-Free Output
* Pin-Programmable Data Inversion
* Power Supply: ± 5v
* So Small 20-Lead Package

Diagram 10 Bit A/D Converter (ADC) AD571

2011-04-07T13:42:00.000-07:00

Description Of 10 Bit A / D Converter (ADC) AD571

ADC AD571 is a 10 bit Analog to Digital Conversion with a voltage reference, clock, comparator, and output registers to be in 1 chip ADC AD571. ADC AD571 requires no external components to be used in the process of converting analog data to digital with 10 bit data conversion capabilities in 40 ms. AD571 ADC operates at supply voltages up to +15 volts +5 volts, the ADC AD571 can receive input signals from 0 volts to +10 volts DC or-5Volt to +5 Volt. At the moment there is no input (Blank) and the input signal is too low then the output of the three-stage conversion process will be open and extinguished. At the time of ADC AD571 perform the data conversion process, the Data Ready pin will be logic low until the conversion process is complete and data will then be logic high and ADC AD571 ready to perform the data conversion process again.

Feature Of 10 Bit A / D Converter (ADC) AD571

* Complete A / D Converter with Reference and Clock
* Fast Successive Approximation Conversion: 40 ms max
* No Missing Codes Over Temperature

0 ° C to +70 ° C: AD571K
-55 ° C to +125 ° C: AD571S

* Digital Multiplexing: Three-State Outputs
* 18-Pin Ceramic DIP
* Low Cost Monolithic Construction

Small Business Finance

2010-05-31T18:00:00.000-07:00

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Ponyprog Circuit for AVR & PIC16F84

2010-05-27T01:29:00.000-07:00

All resistors are 1/4W.The circuit is powered by 9...15V DC or AC. When In Circuit Programming (ISP) connectors are used, is possible the programmer to be powered from targets power source. Diodes D2 and D6 protect the regulator LM7805, when targets power is used.

' XTAL JUMP ' is used to cut XTAL when the AVR has internal RC oscillator enabled.

'FAMILY JUMP' is used to select which ATMELs family to program, AVR series (ATtinyXX, AT90SXXXX, ATmegaXXX) or 8051 series (AT89Sxxxx).

PIC JUMP is used to switch between Microchips PIC and ATMEL microcontrollers. With jumper ON only PIC can be programmed, while OFF can program ATMELs microcontrollers. If you dont need to program PICs, you can leave their board area unsoldered. The PCB has been designed so that DIP sockets or ZIF sockets can be used. Because of its cost, it is recommended that only one ZIF is used combined with some pin-arrays to switch between the four different places.

The board must be connected to a PC COM port through a 9 pin to pin cable and work with the below application:

'PonyProg2000 - Serial Device Programmer

Copyright (C) 1997-2001 by Claudio Lanconelli

E-mail: lancos@libero.it

Download last version of PonyProg2000 at the address:

http://www.LancOS.com '.

Supported microcontrollers are:

ATMELs AVR series

ATtiny12, ATtiny15, AT90S1200, AT90S1200A, AT90S2233, AT90S2313, AT90S2323, AT90S2343, AT90S4414, AT90S4433, AT90S4434, AT90S8515, AT90S8535, ATmega8, ATmega16, ATmega161, ATmega163, ATmega323, ATMELs 8051 series, AT89S53, AT89S8252

MICROCHIPs PIC series

PIC16x83, PIC16x84, PIC16F84A

And some other programmable ICs (memories, microcontrollers) which Ponyprog support but need a board adapter to be programmed through ISP connectors. For more information see Claudio Lanconelli site .

PlayPIC-PIC16F84A Microcontroller

2010-05-27T00:49:00.000-07:00

- S1 switches the board on and off. When on, the indicator led LED9 is lit.
- S2 resets the microcontroller.
- S8 switches the LCD display on and off
- S9 switches the eight individual leds AND the 7-segment display on and off.

- Push buttons S3 to S6 correspond to RA0-RA3 inputs. They are enabled or disabled by the SW2 dip switch.

- The SW1 dip switch enables or disables the following features :

1. Connects RB0 (used as output) to LED1.
2. Connects RB0 (used as interrupt input) to S7.
3. Enables the debouncing circuit for interrupt switch S7.
4. Connects RB0 (used as output) to the buzzer.

This dip switch must be either 1000 or 0100 or 0110 or 0001.

- The 7-segment display is always connected to the individual leds. Its seven segments correspond to LED2 to LED8 (RB1 to RB7) and the decimal dot to LED1 (RB0). This correspondence enables the 7-segment display to work together with the interrupt switch S7, which is connected to RB0.

- JP4 is an 6-screw external input connector for RA0-RA4. When used, the corresponding input switches S3-S6 must be turned off by SW2. Last screw is ground.
- JP2 is a 14 pin test terminal. A voltmeter or logic analyzer can be connected any time to monitor the signal traffic in the circuit. Last pin is ground.
- JP1 is the ICP header. When in-circuit-programming is performed, the board must be OFF (by S1), as well as the LCD (by S8) and leds (by S9).
- JP3 is a 14-pin connector for the LCD module. Contrast can be adjusted by trimmer R21.

- The board can be powered either by a 9V battery or a 6-12 V power supply.

PDF versions of the schematic and PCB are included. The board has been sucessfully build and it is depicted on the following
photos :

PIC16F84A	Feature
RA0	JP2 - S3 � JP4
RA1	JP2 - S4 � JP4
RA2	JP2 - S5 - JP4
RA3	JP2 - S6 - JP4
RA4	JP2 - JP4


PIC16F84A	Feature
RB0	JP2 � LED1 � 7 Seg (dp) � S7 Debounce - Buzzer
RB1	JP2 � LED2� 7 Seg (a) � LCD RS
RB2	JP2 � LED3� 7 Seg (b) � LCD R/W
RB3	JP2 � LED4� 7 Seg (c) � LCD E
RB4	JP2 � LED5� 7 Seg (d) � LCD DB4
RB5	JP2 � LED6� 7 Seg (e) � LCD DB5
RB6	JP2 � LED7� 7 Seg (f) � LCD DB6
RB7	JP2 � LED8� 7 Seg (g) � LCD DB7

Digital Stopwatch 0-60sec-Microsim

2010-05-27T00:44:00.000-07:00

Digital Stopwatch 0-60sec-Microsim-We must find a way to control the RESET function of the BCD counter, which is responsible for the counting of the seconds. As we studied above, the circuit resets when we have 99 to 100, that is 1001 1001 à 0001 0000 0000. To make a transformation successfully we must force the pulse from 59 to 60 0011 1001 à 0100 0000 on the output of the BCD counter.

By placing the AND gate, with its inputs on the Q1 and Q2 of the BCD counter of the decades, we make sure that when the gate closes, the RST input of the BCD counter will be set to logical �1�, which on its turn, will force the circuit to start over. The transformed circuit appears in picture 2.

source: Digital Stopwatch 0-60sec

Function Generator with IC 8038 and LF351

2010-05-27T00:39:00.000-07:00

Function Generator with IC 8038 and LF351
Read detail :

Function Generator with IC 8038 and LF351-Built around a single 8038 waveform generator IC, this circuit produces sine, square or triangle waves from 20Hz to 200kHz in four switched ranges. There are both high and low level outputs which may be adjusted with the level control. This project makes a useful addition to any hobbyists workbench as well.

All of the waveform generation is produced by IC1. This versatile IC even has a sweep input, but is not used in this circuit. The IC contains an internal squarewave oscillator, the frequency of which is controlled by timing capacitors C1 – C4 and the 10k potentiometer. The tolerance of the capacitors should be 10% or better for stability. The squarewave is differentiated to produce a triangular wave, which in turn is shaped to produce a sine wave. All this is done internally, with a minimum of external components. The purity of the sine wave is adjusted by the two 100k preset resistors.

Function Generator with IC 8038 and LF351 - [Link]

source: http://www.electronics-lab.com/blog/?p=230

Sine wave generator Adjustable High/Low Frequency

2010-05-27T00:36:00.001-07:00

Sine wave generator Adjustable High/Low Frequen-This circuit uses the versatile MAX038 function generator. Although in this circuit some of the advanced characteristics of this IC are disabled, you can generate Sine, Triangle, Square waves (adjusting A0 and A1 pins see datasheet on www.maxim-ic.com if you want other waves, use a switch).

The signal is amplified through a TCA0372 (from ONSEMI) Power opamp with current capability up to 1A and bandwitch up to 1 MHz.

I selected this particular frequency (122 Khz) because i needed a cheapo ESR-o-meter for my electrolytic capacitors to monitor their health as they have to discharge tens of amperes in less than 2 ms. At 122 KHz capacitive reactance is very low, and inductive reactance isn't so high, so forcing a current (es 200mA, using a precision resistor) through a capacitor and reading AC voltage drop accross it gives me an estimation of ESR (Vdrop/current). Of course inductive and capacitive reactance are still present, but negligible.

Let's back to the circuit.

Operation:
The 122 khz 2V p-p sine wave is generated by the MAX038 IC, its frequency can be calculated by the formula Freq (MHz) = Iin(uA) / C6 (pf) . Iin = 2,5V / R1 (25Kohm default). So the freq is 0,122 MHz . The resistor is for small adjustments, don't go under 10000 Kohm or above 40000 Kohm because the accuracy will drop. If you want multifrequency just use the multiposition switch with 820 pF, 8,2 nF , 82nF , 820 nf for 122Khz range 12,2Khz range 1220 Hz and 122 Hz. Fine tuning can be done adjusting R2 , the frequency can vary from 1,7x (Vfadj = -2,4) to 0,3x (Vfadj = 2,4) of the main frequency (when fadj is at 0V).

The sine wave output is feed into a TCA0372 1/2 opamp to achieve a gain from 1 to 5 (2V p-p, 10 V p-p), adjust the potenziometer and into a TCA0372 2/2 opamp buffer stage also present on the same IC.

Important:
Adjusting the frequency needs a frequency counter, so this circuit should be used on conjunction with a freq couter. The max current is 1A, but i would suggesto to not go above 0,5A to remain accurate. Needs a computer power supply with 12V,5V,-5V,-12V,GND to be operated, if you don't have one just use a multivoltage mains transformer (15 watt is enough) diode bridges (low current 1-2 Amps), smoothing capacitors 10000uF 16V, and voltage regulators such as LM7905 and LM7912.

Sine wave generator Adjustable High/Low Frequen

source: http://electronics-lab.com/projects/oscillators_timers/003/index.html

PSPICE 9.1 student version-microsim

2010-05-27T00:23:00.000-07:00

Design and simulate analog and digital circuits.

What's included with the Student Version

Limited versions of the following products are included in the Student Version of PSpice:

PSpice A/D 9.1, Web Update 1, including PSpice Schematics 9.1

Your choice of schematic editors (specify during installation)

PSpice Schematics 9.1
Capture 9.1, Web Update 2

Digikey Database and libraries

Download Digikey Database 2.09 MB
Download Digikey Libraries 1.05 MB

Help Files

PSPICE.PDF - Pspice User's Guide
CAPUG.PDF - Capture User's Guide
ANALOG.PDF - Analog Parts
DIGITAL.PDF - Digital Parts
MIXED.PDF - Mixed- Signal Parts
PSPICEAD.PDF - A/D User�s Guide
PSPCREF.PDF - A/D Reference Manual
OPTUG.PDF - Optimizer User's Guide
PCB2LAY.PDF - Converting MicroSim PCBoards Designs to OrCAD Layout Designs
SCH2CAP.PDF - Converting MicroSim Schematics Designs to OrCAD Capture Designs
NETLICGD.PDF - Network Licensing Guide

Tutorials


	Download PSPICE 9.1 student version

source: http://www.electronics-lab.com/downloads/schematic/013/

IR remote extender schematic

2010-05-27T00:17:00.000-07:00

This project describes how to build an IR remote control extender / repeater to control your electronic appliances from a remote location.

An IR detector module receives IR signal from remote control and two IR leds are re-emitting the signal to the appliance. You can place the IR emitting leds close to the device you would like to control using some wire and keep main unit close to remote control location. In the image at the left LEDs are soldered on the board. The circuit consists of three main parts, the IR receiver module, a 555 timer configured as an oscillator and the output / emitter stage. We will describe circuit operation below.

Circuit is designed by Andy Collinson and can be found here: http://www.zen22142.zen.co.uk

source: http://www.electronics-lab.com/

POWER INVERTER-MOSFET 1000 WATT

2010-05-27T00:13:00.000-07:00

POWER INVERTER-MOSFET-1000 WATTThis power inverter circuit will provide a very stable “Square Wave” Output Voltage. Frequency of operation is determined by a pot and is normally set to 60 Hz. Various “off the shelf” transformers can be used. Or Custom wind your own for best results.

Additional MosFets can be paralleled for higher power. It is recommended to Have a “Fuse” in the Power Line and to always have a “Load connected”, while power is being applied. The Fuse should be rated at 32 volts and should be aproximately 10 Amps per 100 watts of output. The Power leads must be heavy enough wire to handle this High Current Draw! appropriate Heat Sinks Should be used on the RFP50N06 Fets. These Fets are rated at 50 Amps and 60 Volts. Other types of Mosfets can be substituted if you wish.

There ARE Limitations! I have had numerous requests for an Inverter for 1000 watts and Even MORE. Sorry I Don’t feel this is Practical. At 1000 Watts and operating from a 12 Volt Source, the Input Current will be close to 100 AMPS. That would Require a HUGH Size of a Primary Wire.

source: http://www.skema-elektronika.com/power-inverter-mosfet-1000-watt.html

Great furnishings in collage studio

2009-10-28T21:10:00.000-07:00

These days, accumulation the two types of accessories into one allotment in abundant demand, such as adaptable phones accumulated with the camera. Abounding surveys are accustomed the actuality that best bodies seemed added like adaptable phones, high-resolution camera, causing the adaptable buzz manufacturers became added able to advance because the perceived allowances promised abundant greater.

Camera phones accept a action actual much. Abounding users booty advantage and use the absolute camera phones to abduction the array of ancestors events, appointment events, images themselves, and alike photos with accompany and admired partner. With aloof one buzz cameras can abduction all of us abounding admired and important moment in your life.

When you accept lots of photos acquired through your camera, again anon crate your photos application photo furnishings funny and absolutely will accomplish the after-effects of your photo becomes added arresting because it is fabricated with the advice of collage maker. All the images you upload will be completed no beneath than 1 minute. You can accept a array of furnishings and acclimatize to your desire. Imagine the furnishings collage photo that are accessible added than 100 effects. Decide appropriate now, what aftereffect do you want? Can be affirmed all of these after-effects will be actual acceptable you. Complete all your collections of photos with abundant furnishings in collage studio Invite all accompany to use the casework here. Added advice about this amuse appointment the armpit to get them all the time. Find new photo aftereffect accommodate at any time aloof

LM338 VARIABLE POWER SUPLY 1-32VOLT

2009-10-02T06:10:00.000-07:00

This is adapted capricious ability power suply ambit based on Transistor LM338. Short ambit aegis added in this circuit.

POWER SUPLY L200 VARIABLE DIAGRAM

2009-10-02T06:06:00.000-07:00

This bargain capricious ability power suply ambit with L200. The achievement accepted is up to 2A and the achievement voltage depends to the achievement voltage from transformer. VR 47R acclimated for accepted acclimation and the VR10K acclimated for achievement voltage adjustment.

CIRCUIT POWER SUPLY 20 AMP REGULATED

2009-10-02T06:00:00.000-07:00

CIRCUIT POWER SUPLY 20 AMP REGULATED

Here the adapted ability POWER SUPLY ambit that will accord you accepted achievement up to 20A depends the cardinal of ability transistor acclimated in the circuit.

VARIABLE POWER SUPLY 2N3055 DC

2009-10-02T05:53:00.000-07:00

VARIABLE POWER SUPLY 2N3055 DC

This is capricious ability accumulation for multi purpose acceptance and actual advantageous to accumulation your cyberbanking accoutrement or your projects. Voltage ambit will be 0.7 - 24V and the urrent attached ambit is 50mA - 2A.

Components:

P1____________500R   Linear Potentiometer
P2_____________10K   Log. Potentiometer

R1,R2__________2K2  1/2W Resistors
R3____________330R   1/4W Resistor
R4____________150R   1/4W Resistor
R5______________1R     5W Resistor

C1__________3300µF   35V Electrolytic Capacitor (see Notes)
C2_____________1µF   63V Polyester Capacitor

D1,D2_______1N5402 200V 3A Diodes
D3____________5mm. Red LED

Q1___________BC182  50V 100mA NPN Transistor
Q2___________BD139  80V 1.5A  NPN Transistor
Q3___________BC212  50V 100mA PNP Transistor
Q4 _________2N3055  60V 15A   NPN Transistor

T1____________220V Primary, 36V Center-tapped Secondary
          50VA Mains transformer (see Notes)
PL1___________Male Mains plug
SW1___________SPST Mains switch

Notes:

P1 sets the maximum output current you want to be delivered by the power supply at a given output voltage.
P2 sets the output voltage and must be a logarithmic taper type, in order to obtain a more linear scale voltage indication.
You can choose the Transformer on the grounds of maximum voltage and current output needed. Best choices are: 36, 40 or 48V center-tapped and 50, 75, 80 or 100VA.
Capacitor C1 can be 2200 to 6800µF, 35 to 50V.
Q4 must be mounted on a good heatsink in order to withstand sustained output short-circuit. In some cases the rear panel of the metal box in which you will enclose the circuit can do the job.
The 2N3055 transistor (Q4) can be replaced with the slightly less powerful TIP3055 type.

AJUSTABLE POWER SUPLY 3-30 VOLT CIRCUIT

2009-10-02T05:40:00.001-07:00

AJUSTABLE POWER SUPLY 3-30 VOLT CIRCUIT

This is an adjustable ability accumulation circuit, additionally accepted as capricious ability supply. . You may use this ambit for accepted purpose usage.

Here the schematic diagram

Component list:

R1 = 560R 1/4W	C1 = 100nF
R2 = 1,2 K 1/4W	C2 = 2200uF 35-40V
R3 = 3,9 K 1/4W	C3 = 100 pF
R4 = 15K 1/4W	C4 = 100uF/ 35V
R5 = 0,15R 5W

D = B40 C3300/2200, 3A rectifier bridge
P1 = 10K potesiometer	TR1 = BD 135
IC = LM723	TR2 = 2N3055

SKEMA CHARGER BATTERY UNIVERSAL

2009-10-02T05:36:00.000-07:00

SKEMA CHARGER BATTERY UNIVERSAL

The charger's achievement voltage is adjustable and regulated, and has an adjustable constant-current charging ambit that makes it accessible to use with best NiCad batteries. The charger can allegation a distinct corpuscle or a cardinal of series-connected beef up to a best of 18V.

Power transistors Q1 and Q2 are affiliated as alternation regulators to ascendancy the array charger's achievement voltage and charge-current rate. An LM-317 adjustable voltage regulator food the drive arresting to the bases of ability transistor Q1 and Q2. Potensiometer R9 sets the output-voltage level. A accepted sampling resistor, R8 (a 0.1 ohm/5W unit), is affiliated amid the abrogating achievement advance and ambit ground. For anniversary amp of charging accepted that flows through R8, a 100mV achievement is developed beyond it. The voltage developed beyond R8 is fed to one ascribe of comparator U3. The added ascribe of the comparator is affiliated to capricious resistor R10.

As the charging voltage beyond the array begins to drop, the accepted through R8 decrease. Then the voltage agriculture pin 5 of U3 decreases, and the comparator achievement follows, axis Q3 aback off, which completes the signal's annular aisle to adapt the battery's charging current.

The charging accepted can be set by adjusting R10 for the adapted current. The circuit's achievement voltage is set by R9

POWER SUPLY WITH uA723 CIRCUIT

2009-10-02T05:33:00.000-07:00

The accumulation can be acclimated for accumulation achievement voltages from 1 to 35V. The band agent should be called to accord about 1.4 times the adapted achievement voltage from the positif ancillary of filted capacitor C1 to ground. Potensiometer R2 sets the achievement voltage to the adapted amount by adjusting the advertence input. Rsc is the accepted absolute set resistor.

For example, if the best accepted achievement is to be 1A, Rsc=0.65/1.0 = 0.65 Ohm. The 1KOhm resistor,R5, is a light-loaded resistor advised to advance the no-load adherence of the supply.

STABILIZED POWER SUPLY FOR 5-18 VOLT

2009-10-02T05:27:00.000-07:00

STABILIZED POWER SUPLY FOR 5-18 VOLT

This ability accumulation will accord you anchored adapted achievement at 5V, 6V, 9V and 12V, while the 18V achievement is unregulated. You could add some adapted IC like LM7815 or 7818 if you charge college achievement voltage.

CIRCUIT POWERS SUPLY 2N3055

2009-10-02T05:26:00.001-07:00

CIRCUIT POWERS SUPLY 2N3055

Component parts:

R1_________ 680 Ohm 1/4 Watt Resistor
C1_________ 20,000 - 50,000uF 20-40 Volt Capacitor
C2, C3_____ 100uF/50 Volt Capacitor
C4_________ 0.1uF 50 Volt Capacitor
C5_________ 0.01uF 50 Volt Capacitor
D1_________ Zener Diode
Q1_________ 2N3055 Or Other
T1_________ Transformer
BR1________ Bridge Rectifier
S1_________ SPST 250 VAC 10 A Switch
MISC_______ Case, Line Cord, Heatsink For Q1, Binding Posts For

POWER SUPLY CIRCUIT DIAGRAM

2009-10-02T05:14:00.001-07:00

The ambit is based about the 7805 voltage regulator. It has alone 3 access (input, achievement and ground) and it provides a anchored output. The aftermost two digits of the allotment cardinal specify the achievement voltage, eg. 05, 06, 08, 10, 12, 15, 18, or 24. The 7800 alternation provides up to 1 amp amount accepted and has on-chip dent to shut bottomward the regulator (rather than alarming out) if any attack is fabricated to accomplish it alfresco its safe operating area. (If this happens to you, let the dent air-conditioned bottomward & attach the heatsink.)

It can be apparent that there are in actuality two abstracted circuits in this ability supply. One 7805 is anon affiliated as a anchored 5V regulator. The additional 7805 has a resistor affiliate arrangement on the output. A capricious 500R potentiometer is acclimated to alter the achievement voltage from a minimum of 5V up to the best DC voltage depending on the ascribe voltage. It will be about 2V beneath the ascribe DC voltage.)

The capacitor beyond the achievement improves brief response. The ample capacitor beyond the ascribe is a clarify capacitor to advice bland out ripple in the rectified AC voltage. The beyond the clarify capacitor the lower the ripple.

RANGKAIAN AUDIO POWER INDIKATOR

2009-10-02T02:26:00.000-07:00

This is audio akin indicator which can be acclimated to admeasurement the audio akin achievement of your amplifier. Simply affix the achievement of your amplifier to the ascribe of this circuit, again you will apperceive the boilerplate amount of your amplifier's power.

SKEMA GENERATOR GELOMBANG SINUS

2009-10-02T02:22:00.000-07:00

This is iKHz sine beachcomber architect ambit congenital based on agreement of astern Wien arch (see C1-R3 & C2-R4). R5 and R7 acclimated for achievement amplutide setting. Set R5 to apprehend 1V RMS on an Audio Millivoltmeter affiliated to the achievement with R7 rotated absolutely clockwise, or to appearance a sinewave of 2.828V Peak-to-Peak amplitude on the oscilloscope.

Component list:

R1____________5K6  1/4W Resistor
R2____________1K8  1/4W Resistor
R3,R4________15K   1/4W Resistors
R5__________500R   1/2W Trimmer Cermet
R6__________330R   1/4W Resistor
R7__________470R   Linear Potentiometer

C1,C2________10nF  63V Polyester Capacitors
C3__________100µF  25V Electrolytic Capacitor
C4__________470nF  63V Polyester Capacitor

Q1,Q2_______BC238  25V 100mA NPN Transistors
LP1___________12V  40mA Filament Lamp Bulb (See Notes)
J1__________Phono chassis Socket
SW1__________SPST  Slider Switch
B1_____________9V  PP3
Clip for 9V PP3 Battery

Notes:

The bulb must be a low current type (12V 40-50mA or 6V 50mA) in order to obtain good long term stability and low distortion.
Using a bulb differing from specifications may require a change of R6 value to 220 or 150 Ohms to ensure proper circuit's oscillation.
With C1, C2 = 100nF the frequency generated is 100Hz and with C1, C2 = 1nF frequency is 10KHz but R5 requires adjustment.
High gain transistors are preferred for better performance.

SKEMA CONVERTER DC TO DC MULTY OUT PUT

2009-10-02T02:20:00.000-07:00

This circuit will convert DC volt input +9 to +16 DC Volt.
Output will be:
+28V DC
+15V DC
-5V DC
-12V DC

SKEMA POWER SUPLY LOW RIPLE

2009-10-02T02:17:00.000-07:00

This ambit can be acclimated area a aerial accepted is appropriate with a low-ripple voltage (such as in a activating chic AB amplifier back high-quality reproduction is necessary). Q1, Q1 and R2 can be admired as a ability Darlington transistor. ZD1 and R1 accommodate a advertence voltage at the abject of Q1. ZD1 should be called thus: ZD1=Vout-1.2 . C2 can be called for the amount of accuracy as its amount is finer assorted by the accumulated assets of Q1/Q2, if 100uF is called for C2, bold minimum hfe for Q1 and Q2, C=100x15(Q1)x25(Q2)=37,000uF.

GUITAR POWER AMPLIFIER 100 WATT

2009-10-02T02:12:00.000-07:00

Component:


R1__________220K
R2__________100K
R3__________2K7
R4,R5_______8K2
R6__________4K7
R7,R8,R13___2K2
R9__________2M2
R10,R11_____47K
R12_________33K
R14_________470R
R15_________10K
R16_________3K3

C1,C2,C9____470nF 63V Polyester Capacitors
C3,C4_______47nF 63V Polyester Capacitors
C5,C6_______6n8 63V Polyester Capacitors
C7__________10µF 63V Electrolytic Capacitor
C8,C10______22µF 25V Electrolytic Capacitors
C11_________470µF 25V Electrolytic Capacitor

Q1,Q3_______BC550C 45V 100mA Low noise High gain NPN Transistors
Q2__________2N3819 General-purpose N-Channel FET

SCHEMATIC DIAGRAM 10 WATT AMPLIFIER TDA 2009A

2009-10-02T02:10:00.000-07:00

componen list:

R1, R3_________ 1K2 ohm
R2, R4_________ 18 ohm
R5, R6_________ 1 ohm
C1, C2_________ 3u3 50V mini
C3_____________ 22uF 16V
C5_____________ 100uF 35V
C6, C7_________ 220uF 10V
C10, C11_______ 2200uF 35V
C4, C8, C9_____ 100nF
IC_____________ TDA2009A

16W Audio Amplifier with LM383

2009-10-02T02:05:00.000-07:00

Here the 16 watt ability audio amplifier ambit powered by bifold IC LM383. The distinct LM383 will amplify the ascribe about 7-8 watt, bifold IC should be accretion up to 16 watt. You can use advanced voltage ambit 5V - 20V to accumulation the ability IC.

componen part list:

U1, U2____________ LM383 power IC

R1, R3____________ 220 Ohm resistor
R2, R4____________ 2.2 Ohm resistor
R5________________ 1 MegaOhm resistor
R6________________ 100k potentiometer
C1, C7____________ 10uf electrolytic capacitor
C2, C5____________ 470uf electrolytic capacitor
C3, C4, C6________ 0.2uf ceramic capacitor
SPKR1_____________ 4 to 8 ohm speaker (up to 8 inches diameter)

RANGKAIAN JAM DIGITAL

2009-10-02T01:48:00.000-07:00

Digital Clock Scheme

SKEMA SAKELAR SENTUH

2009-10-02T01:45:00.000-07:00

TOUCH SWITCH CONTROL SCHEME

SKEMA PENGAMAN SPEAKER

2009-10-02T01:43:00.001-07:00

Speaker Security Scheme

SKEMA VU METER AUDIO TRANSISTOR

2009-10-02T00:00:00.000-07:00

Audio VU Meter Scheme Using Transistors

SKEMA POWER AMPLIFIER 600 WATT

2009-10-01T23:56:00.000-07:00

for those who like the sound of loud music this is one of the amplifier scheme that could make you satisfied with the great power.

SKEMA RANGKAIAN STEREO ENCODER

2009-10-01T23:53:00.000-07:00

Scheme Stereo Encoder

Skema Stereo Encoder Dengan Kristal 4.864 KHz

2009-10-01T23:52:00.001-07:00

Scheme Stereo Encoder With 4864 KHz Crystal

SKEMA PARAMETRIC DAN WOOFER EQUALIZER

2009-10-01T23:28:00.000-07:00

Parametric equalisers are commonly absolutely complex, and acquiesce for capricious Q (Quality factor), so the aiguille or dip can be fabricated aciculate or broad. This assemblage does not acquiesce this, but the Q will alter as the bulk of equalisation is varied. Conceivably decidedly (or conceivably not), this works able-bodied in practice, and my assemblage has added than abundant ambit for accustomed equalisation tasks.

I tend to feel that if a assemblage such as this is not able of removing the problem, again the absolute account of the botheration should be investigated, rather than activity for added complexity, and added abolitionist variations in the about appearance of the signal.

I do not acclaim this assemblage for hi-fi accent controls! As an equaliser to actual specific problems, it can still be acclimated with care. Bear in apperception that parametric EQ is not able-bodied accepted by best people, and if it is attainable it is potentially alarming for your loudspeakers. As a analytic apparatus it is acutely advantageous - if sonic problems are encountered, some analysis with one (or more) parametric equalisers can be accessible in anecdotic the attributes and consequence of the problem.

RANGKAIAN PREAMP PAKAI IC OP-AMP

2009-10-01T23:20:00.000-07:00

Microphone Preamp Scheme Using IC Op-Amp

SKEMA VOLUME AUDIO CONTROL

2009-10-01T23:15:00.000-07:00

AUDIO VOLUME CONTROL SCHEME

Skema Compressor/Limiter/Clipper for FM broadcasting

2009-10-01T23:12:00.000-07:00

Scheme Compressor / Limiter / Clipper for FM broadcasting

SKEMA PEMANCAR RADIO AM

2009-10-01T23:06:00.000-07:00

I'd love to raft the transmitter AM (MW and SW), but not yet. I've also seen scatter SW wrote using 3 tubes, fewer components were Dr. FM transmitter. In the SW transmitter that, I do not see ELCO, RESISTOR, and Trimmer. Which is in the transmitter box that is several transformers, ranging from small to large, there was also entwined PVC pipe with copper wire (such as home electrical wire installation). Also there are some components that I do not know the name and function.

GUITAR EFECT SCHEME

2009-10-01T23:04:00.000-07:00

this is scheme of guitar efect, click image for ZOMM

Merakit Audio Limiter Untuk Pemancar FM

2009-10-01T22:57:00.000-07:00

Once assembled, the cable connection from my connection one by one. After making sure all the connections right, I turn on the audio limiter. Suddenly, a voice blast "BOOM" and the billowing white smoke. Well, what's this? Want to know what happened?
It turned out it was all an illusion:-D (hence, easy read only).
What is certain is the power led is lit on the audio signal flow limiter has entered the circuit.

I tried the music volume increase until the end, audio output is fixed, but the voice sounded broken. Well, what's wrong again ya? What might be because I do not use but IC MC1458 IC HA1458? Not known. Further, the audio input volume limiter I try to reduce a little, the sound was slightly better.

In audio limiter scheme, there are 2 led, the led is red and green, sorry I did not know what it led indicators. But that would only glow green led, if the input hard, green led is dim. But the red led is not lit.

From audio limiter test this, I am still not satisfied, felt less redamannya. Bass also was flat. Treble is also rough. So is my audio limiter off my back and save. Still sounds good if you do not use these audio limiter, bass treble pleasant, well although there is a big music and small according to the recording.

I was able to scheme other audio limiter, but there is one component that is not available, the field effect transistor BF245. Who knows which uses an audio limiter BF245 better results.

Scheme 88-108 MHz FM transmitter (PLL)

2009-10-01T22:54:00.000-07:00

click piturre for ZOOM

RANKAIAN PEMANCAR RADIO SW

2009-10-01T22:49:00.001-07:00

click picture for ZOOM.
sw radio scheme I have for you a hobby to play with the radio, especially radio frequency SW

SKEMA RANGKAIAN MINI ALARM

2009-10-01T13:09:00.000-07:00

Only the 10 lower-priced electronic components is sufficient to create a noise of the siren voice / alarm anti-black attacks! Quite simple and suitable for electronic learning practice for beginners. Circuit scheme please look directly at the picture above, while the list of required components and the PCB to create 'noise' of this please see below (click image to enlarge view). I am sure you will not be difficult to assemble this mini alarm. Do not forget the required supply voltage is DC voltage between 3 to 6 volts only. If more than 6 volts issued voice was getting louder but the transistor TR2 will be hot and easily damaged. The diode D serves as a deterrent alarm oscillation frequency in-short by the power supply as well as a safety if the polarity of the power supply that we use installed upside down.
The rate lantingan we set the alarm to play the VR. If you want to change the frequency of the alarm can change the value of capacitor C1. The greater the value of C1 will lower the frequency tone alarm.

PERBAIKIN TV LCD-LCD TV REPAIR

2009-09-18T12:11:00.000-07:00

As budgets become tighter than ever before, and costs of services do not keep in line, (or worse still, increase), saving money in other areas is only sensible. One such way to help is to take on new skills, such as DIY. In these ever more electronic times, learning how to carry out your own LCD TV repair could be particularly useful.

A simple look online through your favored search engine will return a veritable galaxy of results for self LCD TV repair. But are these courses really the best option?

Increasingly popular, these guides often come in the form of E books and videos and can simply be downloaded to your home PC. From here, they are yours to use freely, whether as a step by step guide, or a program of extended study. Indeed, if you really find yourself enjoying the lessons, many offer advanced packages to take you further. Indeed, there are even success stories from certain individuals who have gone on to shape a career from these courses.

For many, these courses are ideal; allowing you to study at your own pace, and fit it around your job or family life. However, some do suffer from the lack of immediate attention. For such people, a more traditional face to face classroom environment could be the better option.

Such courses are hosted by educational institutes, neighborhood schemes and even youth groups across the country. A look online, or through your local telephone directory should be able to guide you to some suitable points of contact.

The benefits of such courses are not always obvious, though the most clear is the direction from a trained and qualified professional engineer. It is often much easier to put your skill learning in the hands of someone you can see, rather than rely on the printed text in a manual.

Other less obvious benefits come from the support and sharing of knowledge you receive from you're your fellow classmates. If you intend to take your skills further, (to something more professional perhaps), the time spent in the classroom could also provide an opportunity to network and look for business opportunities.

If a face to face course is your preferred choice, but you do not wish to study in a group. Many tutors also host individual sessions, often in your own home. If you want to keep the cost down by using a downloadable LCD TV repair guide from the net, this could be a good way to boost your learning with that personal touch at a fraction of the cost.

PERBAIKIN LCD-LCD Monitor Repair

2009-09-18T12:09:00.000-07:00

It is usually thought better to repair LCD components than to replace them. The reasons are manifold. LCD Monitors last up to ten years. In the case of LCD screens, the lifespan is even longer. If a small part fails then that can make a monitor redundant. If the main transformer or the tube fails, then replacing the entire monitor is logical. If not, then repairing is the efficient option. Monitors hold some types of metals that are potentially dangerous, so repairing is also a more environmental friendly thing to do. And, most importantly, repairing is cheaper than the purchase of a new electronic part.

And this is where I come across Jestine Yong's LCD Repair courses/ebook, this is a step by step program that will teach you how to repair a LCD monitor. Some of the most common problems that LCD monitors have are White Display, Display Shutdown After Few Seconds To Few Minutes, Have Power But No Display, Dim Display etc... these are just some examples of common LCD monitor problems, but I assure you that there are a lot more. This is a really good LCD repair guide, I've tried some of his stuff and it all works, plus that you get some amazing bonuses if you get his course. I really recommend this to anyone that wants to start to repair LCD monitors or if you want to make money by repairing other peoples LCD monitors. This is a good business these days, because there are some expensive LCD monitors out there and you cant just trow it out the window.

So, check out Jestine Yong's program and you will see for yourself that this is the best LCD Monitor Repair guide, ebook, course or whatever you want to call it.

SERVICE POWER SUPLY LCD-Repair LCD Power Supply The Easy Way

2009-09-18T12:07:00.000-07:00

Troubleshooting LCD monitor power supply pack is easier than the crt monitor power supply. It is small and compact and usually has only one output which is 12 volt and range from 2 ampere to over 4 ampere. Some designed have 18 and 24 volts also. Nowadays most LCD power supplies are build into the main board such as the Dell E151FP LCD Monitor while the older type were separated as power pack module.

The power pack module type is easy to diagnose because you can replace another working unit just to make sure is the power pack that giving problem. You may also use an external dc power supply to power up the LCD to confirm if the power pack is faulty. If you do not have the external dc power supply, you can always use this method to isolate the problem especially the symptoms are no power, low power and power blink. Using the rear light bulb (12 volt) from a car and connect it to the power pack output jack. If it light brightly then the power pack is okay. If it blink or dim the power pack have problem. Why have to use this method to test it? Because, if there are components shorted or leaky at the LCD main board, it will affect the power supply performance.

From experienced, most of the LCD power supply problems whether in the power pack or built into main board were due to the failure of electrolytic capacitors (most probably due to heat) in the primary and secondary section. Most of the capacitors have a high ESR which causes the power supply to produce low output, blink or no power at all. Typical value electrolytic capacitors in the primary side are 47 and 100 micro farad 50 Volt and the secondary sides are 1000 to 2200 micro farad 25 volt. Sometimes you can see the capacitor top casing became bulge and the sleeve that covered the capacitor casing turned into darker color like brownish.

The power section in some of the LCD screen are still using the UC3842 pulse width modulation (pwm) ic. This type of ic is quite easy to find in the market compare to some power ic which is very difficult to get. Samsung 153V LCD monitor is using the TOP247F power ic which is quite easy to troubleshoot if power fail in this model. Some power pack that came in only have minor burnt and after cleaning it and replaced the fuse, it will work as good as the new one.

Troubleshooting LCD power supply is not that difficult provided if you know how a power supply work. If you are unsure of how to troubleshoot power supply, I urge you to read all my power supply articles at the power supply page. I will continue to post more power supplies articles at that page and hope you could drop by more often to check out my website.

REPAIR LCD SCREEN-MEMPERBAIKI LAYAR LCD

2009-09-18T12:06:00.000-07:00

LCD Repair,

It is usually thought better to repair LCD parts than to replace them. The reasons are manifold. Monitors and terminals last over ten years. In the case of LCD screens, the lifetime is even longer. The malfunctioning of a tiny part can make a monitor redundant. If the main transformer or the tube fails, then replacing the entire TV is logical. If not, then repair is the cost-effective alternative. Terminals and monitors hold heavy metals that are potentially dangerous, so repairing is also a more environmental friendly thing to do. And, most importantly, repairing costs a lot less than the purchase of a new electronic component.

The most common failing of an LCD monitor is dimming of the backlight after substantial use. However, for about $20.00, the backlight can be replaced and the monitor restored to its former self.

Nowadays, there are highly competent, anti-reflection polarizer films available in the market. This polarizer film when applied to the LCD screen increases display contrast as well as readability. Images become sharper and clearer; the screen provides deeper colors; it allows for a wider viewing angle in bright settings; and protects LCD panels from scratches and fingerprints.

The flat panel in the LCD television makeup is the most exorbitant item to replace. In fact in some cases, it could exceed the cost of the total unit. Split or broken LCD panels obviously need replacement. Another sigh of a flawed panel are lines running the length of the panel. Still, three quarters of such panels can be repaired.

Improving Digital TV Signals - 3 Steps to Better DTV Reception

2009-09-18T12:00:00.000-07:00

Having switched to the new digital television format, you may find the need to improve your reception. Explore a simple method for getting a better picture by following three easy steps.

Digital Television Broadcasting is pretty amazing. You'll likely receive many more stations than ever before. Your old TV will deliver clear sharp picture quality like you never experienced! You'll get more bang for your buck with additional features like Multicast and Electronic Program Guides...

You're gonna LOVE digital reception - and then again maybe you won't.

Digital TV is great when it works but when it doesn't it will frustrate you beyond belief. This is because digital television is an ALL or NOTHING technology. In the old days, if your signal wasn't the best or there was some sort of interference, your picture and/or sound quality diminished. You got snow and static. Not an enjoyable experience, but you did get something.

Digital, on the other hand is less forgiving. You will either get a great picture, or none at all. DTV can compensate for some reception errors. It has the ability to guess as what it needs to fill in the gaps when there are small pieces of digital information missing because of interference, etc. In addition, as the signal coming to your TV starts to degrade, you will see the picture pause, possibly jump, and maybe even pixelate.

However, once a certain threshold has been reached where the set can no longer guess at what is missing, the picture goes blank and sound goes dead. You see this banner scroll across your set saying "No Signal". This will be especially true for viewers in outlying and rural areas where the broadcast tower is far away and signal strength is weak. This may also be true for folks living in urban areas where there are lots of obstructions and electro magnetic interference.

There's actually a pretty simple solution to FIX this. It's the three steps I mentioned earlier.

To make all this work, all you really need to do is increase your signal strength. Start from the TV set and work backwards towards the antenna. As soon as you reach a level of reception you're satisfied with, stop and savor your efforts. If the last step you performed wasn't quite enough to improve reception, move to the next until you're content.

Step one (1): Install a TV Signal Amplifier

Sometimes the signal coming into your home is just below the digital threshold I talked about earlier. A boost, or amplified signal may be all that is needed to bring your set back to life. These devices are designed specifically to improve the signal strength needed for UHF/VHF/FM/HDTV antenna reception. For the best results and to prevent signal degradation, the amplifier should be installed where the antenna cable first enters the home. If this step is not quite good enough, proceed to step 2. Also note that this is not money thrown away. The next step involves getting a new antenna and this amplifier will help that do a better job - nothing is lost here.

Step two (2): Find the BEST TV Antenna for your Particular Needs

Many factors determine how an antenna works and unfortunately, there are no BEST units for all circumstances. You need to study your particular situation and determine what features will be required to meet your needs.

If you live in a rural area, antenna design is critical. You'll want one with numerous elements to capture as much signal as possible. I wouldn't even consider a "rabbit ear" type for this application.

Living in an urban location is much different. Other buildings and obstacles must be taken into account. Are there large power lines close by? Are the TV stations close by or in another town? In this situation, you may be able to use rabbit ears or an omni-directional antenna.

My point is that you need to do a bit of homework here. I know that may not be what you want to hear but it's the truth and it's necessary. Every situation and location is different and you will have to figure out your needs in order to select the best product.

One other bit of advice I'd like to pass on... Don't scrimp on this piece of equipment. Buy the best antenna you can possibly afford. You are going to have to live with this purchase for some time so make sure that it's an INVESTMENT and not an expense. I've never been sorry for buying the best I could afford, but many times I've kicked myself in the keister cause I skimped and got the cheap unit. Trust me, you won't be sorry you got the best.

Step Three (3): Install an Antenna Rotor

While the old fashioned analog signals could bounce off objects and make their way to your set, the new digital signals are a "line of sight" signal. They tend to travel in straight lines and don't take detours. Therefore there's one last trick left up your sleeve for getting good DTV reception - add an antenna rotor to your setup so that you can aim your antenna at the broadcast tower.

This piece of equipment is one that you can shop around for and buy based on features and construction grade. If you live in an area that doesn't get snow and ice, then a little lighter duty unit may work just fine. In addition, if you don't need a lot of features such as location storage, remote control, or lit buttons, you can save yourself a few dollars here as well. However, if you happen to live in a hostile area with brutal winters, be sure to get a unit capable of standing up to that abuse. You don't want to get up on the roof in the middle of winter risking life and limb to freeze your fingers off as you replace a bum unit. Shop wisely.

Remove Scratches From Your Flat Screen TV

2009-09-18T11:57:00.000-07:00

One of the more frequent questions we receive here at OriginalDustCover.com is how to remove light scratches from Flat Screen & LCD TVs safely without making the scratches worse. Scratches can result from some of the most innocuous, everyday items such as a thick piece of paper or magazine, a nerf toy, or tiny fingernails from kitty cats and children. Any of these items can unintentionally brush against your Flat Screen, leaving a scratch that can be visible whether the television in turned on or off.

The secret to removing light scratches from your Flat Screen TV is to use the proper tools. Here is the list of tools to gather:

1.) Isopropyl Alcohol - Available from grocery stores, drug stores, hardware stores
2.) Micro Fiber Cleaning Cloth - Available from sunglasses stores, Wal-Mart, Target
3.) Distilled Water - Available at grocery stores, Wal-Mart, drug stores

Never, ever use Windex, glass cleaner, or other window cleaning solutions on your Flat Screen TV. Additionally, never use paper towels on your Flat Screen TV, as this is the quickest way to permanently damage your screen with thousands of little scratches.

Firstly, mix a 50/50 solution (half Isopropyl Alcohol and half distilled water) in a liquid safe container. Isopropyl Alcohol is usually listed at 90% pure, so mixing a 50/50 solution results in a cleaning solution that is nearly perfect for our needs.

Secondly, dip your Micro Fiber cloth into the solution and begin to gently rub the scratch on the TV in a circular motion. It is important not to rub too hard, as friction from the Micro Fiber cloth can make the scratch worse. Continue to use a circular motion while keeping the Micro Fiber cloth damp with your Isopropyl Alcohol and distilled water solution.

Finally, the scratch should begin to disappear as the Isopropyl Alcohol in your cleaning solution evaporates. If the scratch does not begin to disappear or becomes worse - STOP! You may have a scratch that needs a more thorough fix. Our next article will address such a situation! Remember, the easiest way to remove scratches from your Flat Screen and LCD TV is to prevent them in the first place.

CARA MEMPERBAIKI TV LCD

2009-09-18T11:44:00.000-07:00

Since January two TV manufacturers, Pioneer Corp. and Vizio Inc. announced they stopped the production of plasma TVs. They assess the plasma TV was not able to compete with the newer technology of LCD TVs.

For the consumer it as bargaining power. According to research firm DisplaySearch, the price of 50-inch plasma TV to U.S. $ 200 to U.S. $ 300 cheaper than the same size LCD TVs. On average, cost 50-inch plasma TV around U.S. $ 1200 compared to U.S. $ 1,500 for LCD TV size samaa. That is a big price reduction for plasma TV, where five years ago the average cost 30% more expensive than LCD TV.

Plasma TV sales has advantages compared to LCD TVs for image quality and size. But consumers who decide to buy a plasma TV will be against the mainstream.

In 2008, as many as 30 million LCD TVs sold in North America compared to a plasma TV is only four million units. According to DisplaySearch will continue the trend in recent years and both the gulf widened.

Plasma TV is selected as the superior picture quality and tend to have more wide angle of vision. However, LCD manufacturers have managed to solve this problem.

LCD TV is now able to increase the refresh ratenya be 240 hertz, compared to a few years ago in which new technology is limited to 60 hertz. This refresh rate is the number of times an image is displayed on the screen. The higher the refresh rate, meaning higher quality.

LCD also been successful in increasing the contrast ratio, which is a measure of contrast between the brightest image and darkest. Riddhi Patel, an analyst at iSuppli calls, LCD TV makers are well managed to increase marketingnya cause greater consumer adoption.

But that does not mean that the plasma TV will soon enter the grave technologies like Betamax which failed in the era of video-tape. Some companies such as Samsung and Panasonic continues to persist to produce a large plasma TV as well as improve the quality of plasma TVs.

Steve Panosian, Director Marketing Nokia says the latest plasma TV models have no problems in image quality, such as burn in which the specter of plasma TV a few years ago. In addition manufacturers are also reducing the power needs plasma TVs, and weight.

Two years ago 50-inch plasma TV Samsung electricity needs of more than 500 watts and weighs 150 pounds. Plasma TV now only needs about 265 watts of electricity and weighs 72 pounds. While LCD TV takes an average of 213 watts of electricity.

For many years consumers had complained about two problems. "We continue to invest not only in manufacturing but also innovation," said Panosian. He said Samsung insists on maintaining plasma TV because the technology is cheaper to produce, especially for TV size larger than the LCD.

Robert Perry, Executive Vice President Panasonic said the company has a plant valued at U.S. $ 3 billion in Amagasaki, Japan to make plasma TVs. He said the Panasonic has various agreements with other TV brands to produce a plasma TV and has a strong business. "Plasma is the technology most likely," he asserted.

DOWNLOAD CARA MEMPERBAIKI TV LCD DISINI

CARA MEMBAUT SPEAKER AKTIF

2009-09-18T11:37:00.000-07:00

tool/alat yang dibutuhkan

catu daya scheme

power amplifier

1. Create a power supply circuit path and amps on the PCB board. In the manufacturing line, we can use a waterproof marker or a penyablonan theory.
Nich power supply circuit and PCB amplifier. was dissolved into the solution-clorida Ferry.

2. After you finish for jalurna, now we do the drilling on the PCB board in order to put the legs of the components that will be used. Watch out hand drilled ...

Ill lho ... ...
3. Enter the component - the component to the PCB board in accordance with the lines that have been made. Do not store the components - components
4. Soldering components.
5. Testing components - the components are connected or not with other components using multymeter. Take steps - these steps over and over - and over again
6. Create a box for the speaker to sound maknyos
7. After connecting all the components have been made n boxnya, connect to the sound source (type).
8. Enjoy your active peaker voice is

Video Amplifier by transistor BC547 & BC557

2009-09-15T11:48:00.000-07:00

PCB Video Amplifier by transistor BC547 & BC557

Circuit Video Amplifier by transistor BC547 & BC557

Here is easy circuit,It use Transistor BC547 and BC557.

And IC Regulator 7812 (power supply)

Power Amplifier OCL 300W HIFI by MJ15004,MJ15003

2009-09-15T11:43:00.000-07:00

For many application there's no substitute for sheer power- low efficiency speakers, outdoor sound systems, or maybe you like the full flavour of the dynamic range of a high power amp. Whatever your requirement-this super power module should fit the bill. How it works: The amplifier can be divided into three separate parts. These are : the input stage, which consists of Q1-Q9 , a high gain, low power driver; the output or power stage- witch only has a voltage gain of four but enormous power gain; and the power supply. The input stage is a complementary -differential network, each ''side" with its own current source. Each transistor in this stage is run at a collector currant of about 0.7mA. Emitter resistors are employed to stabilize the gain and improve linearity. The output of Q1-Q5 drives Q7 and Q9. The latter are virtually two constant-current sources run about 7mA collector current. With an input signal these "current" sources are modulated out of phase - the collector current of one decreases while the other increases. This configuration provides quite an amount of gain. In between the bases of these two transistors is Q8, the thermal sensing-bias transistor. The voltage across Q8 may be adjusted by TR1, thus setting the quiescent bias current for output stage. The output stage, Q10-Q11, Q13-Q14 and Q16-17, has a gain of about five, set by R44 and R28 plus R29. Diodes D4 and D6 prevent reverse biasing of Q10 and Q11 (otherwise the output would be limited). Protection of the output transistors is provided by Q12 and Q15 which monitor both current and voltage in the output transistors and bypass the base current if the limit is exceeded. Frequency stabilization provided by capacitors C6, C11, C12 and the RC networks R31/C10 plus R46/C15. Frequency response of the amplifier is set by C1 and C7 (lower limit), C6 sets the upper frequency limit. If you want use the Protection DC and Balance/Bridge circuits. All the transistors that are inside the interrupted line are placed on an aluminium corner and he screwed on a suitable heatsink. The transistors Q7,Q10,Q11, Q8, Q9, Q13,Q14,Q16 and Q17 placed on this aluminium corner, with suitable isolation from this

Part List

R1-19= 1Kohm 5W R34-35= 0.1ohm 5W C14-17= 100uF 100V
R2-3= 4.7Kohm R36-43= 39ohm C15= 100nF 250V polyester
R4-5= 22ohm R37-42= 5.6Kohm 1W Q1-2-3= BC547
R6-14= 10Kohm R38-41= 220ohm 5W Q4-5-6= BC557
R7-8= 1Kohm R39-40= 0.1ohm 5W Q7-11-12= BD140 or BC640
R9-23*=10K ohm R44-45= 0.1ohm 5W Q8= BC549
R10= 10ohm *see circuit sch. R46= 4.7ohm 2W Q9-10-15= BD139 or BC639
R11-13= 2.2Kohm R47= 100ohm Q13-14= MJ15004
R12= 22Kohm C1= 2.2uF 25V Q16-17= MJ15003
R15-16= 22ohm C2-6= 330pF ceramic TR1= 2K2 Trimmer
R17-18= 4.7Kohm C3-8= 100uF 100V F1-2= 5A Fuse Fast
R20-25= 390ohm C4-9= 100nF 250V D1-3= 5.1V 0.5W Zener
R21= 6.8Kohm C5= 100nF 100V polyester D2= 62V/5W Zener or 47v and 15V in series
R22= 4.7Kohm C7= 100uF 25V D4-5= 1N4004
R24-26-33= 220ohm C10= 1.5nF 100V polyester L1=10 turns diameter 1mm in 15mm diameter tube
R27-32= 100ohm 1W C11-12= 1.5nF 100V polyester
R28...31= 100ohm C13-16= 100nF 250V polyester *Use R23=6k8 for 4 ohm loudspeakers

SPECIFICATIONS

POWER OUTPUT 200W rms/8 ohm
310W rms/4 ohm
800W rms/8 ohm (Bridge mode)
FREQUENCE RESPONSE 20HZ-20KHZ +/-0.5dB
INPUT SENSITIVITY 1V for 200W/300W
HUM AND NOISE -105dB
THD <0.1%>

Power Amplifier OCL 100W Mosfet J162 + K1058

2009-09-15T11:39:00.000-07:00

PCB power amplifier ocl 100w Mosfet J162 + K1058

Circuit power amplifier ocl 100w Mosfet J162 + K1058

Power Amplifier Mini 2W+2W by TDA820M

2009-09-15T11:36:00.001-07:00

PCB- Power Amplifier Mini 2W+2W by TDA820M

This circuit Power Amplifier Mini 2W+2W by TDA820M.

Supply Volt 12V, Easy to build and Low cost.

Power Amplifier Super Small BCL 1.2W by IC TDA7052

2009-09-15T11:33:00.000-07:00

This is Super Small Power Amplifier BCL 1.2W by TDA7052.

If you are gluttonous the ambit amplifies small-sized. I begs for to admonish this ambit

because tiny economize with the accessories is a little.

Power Amplifier OCL 50W by MOSFET

2009-09-15T11:29:00.000-07:00

PCB - 50W Power Amplifier Mosfet

Circuit Diagram for Car Subwoofer Driver from RedCircuits

2009-09-01T11:53:00.001-07:00

A subwoofer is a woofer, or a complete loudspeaker dedicated to the reproduction of bass audio frequencies, from 150 Hz down as far as 20 Hz.

The following circuit diagrams shows detail electrical schematic for a 22W into 4 Ohm power amplifier, car subwoofer driver. This device is intended to be connected to an existing car stereo amplifier, adding the often required extra "punch" to the music by driving a subwoofer. The power amplifier used is a good and cheap BTL (Bridge Tied Load) 13 pin IC made by Philips (now NXP Semiconductors) requiring a very low parts count and capable of delivering about 22W into a 4 Ohm load at the standard car battery voltage of 14.4V.

This device consists of following parts: Log Potentiometer, Dual gang Linear Potentiometer, 1/4W Resistors, 25V Electrolytic Capacitors, 63V Polyester Capacitors, LED, 100mA NPN Transistors, Dual BIFET Op-Amp, 24 W BTL car radio power amplifier, RCA audio input sockets and 4 Ohm Woofer or two 8 Ohm Woofers wired in parallel.

Find more information about Circuit Diagram for Car Subwoofer Driver here – source: www.RedCircuts.com

Circuit Diagram for 300W Subwoofer Power Amplifier by Rod Elliott

2009-09-01T11:52:00.001-07:00

A subwoofer is a woofer, or a complete loudspeaker dedicated to the reproduction of bass audio frequencies, from 150 Hz down as far as 20 Hz, or in rare cases lower. The following link provides detail explanation and description for 300W Subwoofer Power Amplifier circuit and wiring diagram designed by Rod Elliot from Elliott Sound Products.

Find more information about Circuit Diagram for 300W Subwoofer Power Amplifier by Rod Elliott here.

from : wiringdiagrams21.com/

Clarion APX280M 2-Channel Power Amplifier Wiring Diagram

2009-09-01T11:51:00.000-07:00

The Clarion APX280M is a full-featured two-channel amplifier featuring specially coated circuit boards, pulse-Width Modulated (PWM) MOSFET power supply for maximum performance with minimal distortion, advanced circuitry design featuring bridgeable and mixed mode operation for use in various system configurations, 2-ohm stereo stable, 4-ohm mono stable, gold-plated power, speaker, and RCA connectors.

The APX280M uses an unregulated MOSFET power supply for superior sound and output wattage. In addition, a toroid-coil is used to transfer power with minimal performance loss due to heat. To avoid unwanted noise, a double-sided conformal printed circuit board with strategically placed components keeps AM RFI subdued.

The following wiring diagram of Clarion APX280M 2-Channel Power System Amplifier in many application such as Bridged – Mono Subwoofer System, 2-Channel Full-Range, Satellite, or Subwoofer Stereo System, Mixed-Mode Satellite and Subwoofer System.

Find more info about Clarion APX280M 2-Channel Power Amplifier Wiring Diagram here – free download PDF file from clarion.com

Clarion APA1100 Car Audio Amplifier Wiring Diagram

2009-09-01T11:50:00.000-07:00

The Clarion APA1100 Car Audio Amplifier uses a regulated MOSFET power supply for superior control of output wattage, regardless of input voltage or musical energy content. MOSFET are chosen for their inherent characteristics to provide superior accuracy, stability and control. A toroid-coil transform yields maximum power transfer with minimum heat loss. All connection and controls are on end panels and are straightforward and easy to understand. This device uses gold-plated RCA and barrier connectors to ensure best electrical connection for the amplifier system. Included is and external automotive-type fuse that is easy to replace.

The following manual contains detail schematic and wiring diagram for The Clarion APA1100 Car Audio Amplifier System including single and dual mono subwoofer wiring diagram.

Find more info about Clarion APA1100 Car Audio Amplifier Wiring Diagram here – free download PDF file from devicemanuals.com

Sony XS-4624 Coaxial 2-Way Speaker Subwoofer Wiring Diagram and Cable Connection

2009-09-01T11:49:00.000-07:00

The Sony XS-4624 is a Coaxial 2-Way Speaker with 4×6 inch woofer polypropylene cone type, 1 inch tweeter balanced dome type, having 80 Watts maximum input power and 20 Watts rated input power with 4 Ohms impedance, 88 dB/W/m sensitivity and 45 – 25,000 Hz frequency response. The following schematic diagram shows detail wiring diagram and cable connection schematic of Sony XS-4624 Coaxial 2-Way Speaker Subwoofer for Car Audio System.

from : wiringdiagrams21.com

2009-09-01T11:47:00.000-07:00

Upon buying the Sony Blue-ray T10/T11 BD/DVD home theatre system, you will get 2 front speakers, 2 surround speakers, 1 center speaker, 1 subwoofer, 1 AM loop antenna, 1 FM wire antenna, 5 speaker cords (white/ red/ blue/ gray and green), 1 video cord, 1 remote commander, 2 AA R6 batteries, 1 calibration mic, 1 set foot pads, operating instruction manual, speaker and TV connections guide, setup disc (DVD), 1 digital media port adapter (TDM-iP20), and operating instruction manual for the digital media port adapter.

The following file contains detail schematic diagram and instruction for connecting your new Upon buying the Sony Blue-ray T10/T11 BD/DVD home theatre system to speaker and TV set. The connector of the speaker cords and the color tube are color-coded depending on the type of speaker. Connect the speaker cords to match the color of the SPEAKER jacks of the unit. Be sure to match the speaker cords to the appropriate terminals on the speakers: the speaker cord with the color tube to 3, and the speaker cord without the color tube to #. Do not catch the speaker cord insulation (rubber covering) in the speaker terminals.

Get more information on Sony Blue-ray BDV-T10/T11 Speaker and TV Cable Connection Schematic Diagram here – http://www.docs.sony.com/release/BDVT10_connection_EN_ES.pdf – free download PDF file.

from: wiringdiagrams21.com

Nokia N91 Wiring Diagram and Electrical Schematic for Repair and Troubleshooting

2009-09-01T11:45:00.000-07:00

The following manual contain detail information about Nokia N91 Wiring Diagram and Electrical Schematic for Repair and Troubleshooting. The purpose of this document is to provide further technical repair information for Nokia mobile phone. It contains additional information such as e.g. "Component Finder". The "Signal Overview" page gives and fast overview about the most important signals and voltages on board. This manual is divided into sections as follows: Front Page (exploded view), System Connector, RETU, TAHVO, RAP3G, Memories, OMAP, Memory, Camera, HDD, WLAN, BT, FM-radio, Audio-DAC, UI, RF-part, Signal Overview and Component Finder.

source : wiringdiagrams21.com

LM1877 – Dual Audio Power Amplifier Schematics Datasheet and Application

2009-09-01T11:44:00.000-07:00

The LM1877 is a monolithic dual audio power amplifier designed to deliver 2W/channel continuous into 8 Ohm loads. It was typically applicable in servo amplifiers, automotive products, tape recorders and players, AM-FM radio receivers, intercom system, multi-channel audio systems, and stereo phonographs.

The following article contains detail description of LM1877, its features, connection diagrams, equivalent schematic diagram, absolute maximum rating, LM1877 – Dual Audio Power Amplifier electrical characteristics (including total supply current, output power, total harmonic distortion, output swing, channel separation, PSRR power supply rejection noise, noise, open loop gain, input offset voltage, input bias current, input impedance, DC output level, Slew rate, power bandwidth, and current limit).

In this article you will find also typical performance characteristics of LM1877, typical application in electronics compliant (with schematics of Stereo Phonograph Amplifier with Bass Tone Control, Inverting Unity Gain Amplifier, Stereo Amplifier, Non-Inverting Amplifier Using Split Supply, and Typical Split Supply) and physical dimension data. Find more information about LM1877 – Dual Audio Power Amplifier Schematics Datasheet and Application here – 9 pages of PDF filetype. (source: national.com)

Crystal Radio (and other purpose) Audio Amplifier

2009-09-01T11:17:00.001-07:00

Here is a simple audio amplifier using a TL431 shunt regulator. The amplifier will provide room-filling volume from an ordinary crystal radio outfitted with a long-wire antenna and good ground. The circuitry is similar in complexity to a simple one-transistor radio but the performance is superior (with the exception of the amazing one-transistor reflex ). The TL431 is available in a TO-92 package and it looks like an ordinary transistor so your hobbyist friends will be impressed by the volume you are getting with only one transistor and the amplifier may be used for other projects, too. Higher impedance headphones and speakers may also be used. An earphone from an old telephone will give ear-splitting volume and great sensitivity! The 68 ohm resistor may be increased to several hundred ohms when using high impedance earphones to save battery power.

Op-Amp Audio Amplifier

2009-09-01T11:15:00.000-07:00

The above circuit is a versatile audio amplifier employing a low cost LM358 op-amp. The differential inputs give the amplifier excellent immunity to common-mode signals which are a common cause of amplifier instability. The dotted ground connection represents the wiring in a typical project illustrating how the ground sensing input can be connected to the ground at the source of the audio instead of at the amplifier where high currents are present. If the source is a power supply referenced signal then one of the amplifier inputs is connected to the positive supply. For example, an NPN common-emitter preamplifier may be added for very high gain and by connecting the differential inputs across the collector resistor instead of from collector to ground, destabilizing feedback via the power supply is greatly reduced.

4-Transistor Amplifier for Small Speaker Applications

2009-09-01T11:13:00.000-07:00

The circuit above shows a 4-transistor utility amplifier suitable for a variety of projects including receivers, intercoms, microphones, telephone pick-up coils, and general audio monitoring. The amplifier has a power isolation circuit and bandwidth limiting to reduce oscillations and "motorboating". The values are not particularly critical and modest deviations from the indicated values will not significantly degrade the performance.

Three cell battery packs giving about 4.5 volts are recommended for most transformerless audio amplifiers driving small 8 ohm speakers. The battery life will be considerably longer than a 9 volt rectangular battery and the cell resistance will remain lower over the life of the battery resulting in less distortion and stability problems.

The amplifier may be modified to work with a 9 volt battery if desired by moving the output transistors' bias point. Lowering the 33k resistor connected from the second transistor's base to ground to about 10k will move the voltage on the output electrolytic capacitor to about 1/2 the supply voltage. This bias change gives more signal swing before clipping occurs and this change is not necessary if the volume is adequate.

As before, the two 4.7 ohm resistors may be replaced with a single 10 ohm resistor in series with either emitter.

Computer Audio Booster

2009-09-01T11:11:00.000-07:00

Here is a simple amplifier for boosting the audio level from low-power sound cards or other audio sources driving small speakers like toys or small transistor radios. The circuit will deliver about 2 watts as shown. The parts are not critical and substitutions will usually work. The two 2.2 ohm resistors may be replaced with one 3.9 ohm resistor in either emitter.

Simple LM386 Audio Amplifier

2009-09-01T10:42:00.000-07:00

This simple amplifier shows the LM386 in a high-gain configuration (A = 200). For a maximum gain of only 20, leave out the 10 uF connected from pin 1 to pin 8. Maximum gains between 20 and 200 may be realized by adding a selected resistor in series with the same 10 uF capacitor. The 10k potentiometer will give the amplifier a variable gain from zero up to the maximum.

Lm60 Lateral Mosfet Power Amplifier

2009-09-01T10:38:00.000-07:00

As promised here are my thoughts on building and listening to your LM60 amplifier kit. I was very impressed with the delivery time after ordering (12days) The kit was supplied with good quality components, a good PCB with heavy solder tracks and component marking and a CD containing schematics, component list, build and test instructions. I think the inclusion of a photo of a completed board would be helpful. You did supply me one when I ran into a minor problem of my own making. in fact you could not have been more helpful.

For anyone able to solder the kit is simple and straightforward if the instructions are carefully followed but care in soldering is critical. I had a dry joint on 1 of my 2 boards which caused biasing and overheating problems when tested. With good help from Michael Chua this was resolved.

With the 2 boards (Stereo format) case mounted I connected to a single power supply, twin power supplies are recommended and probably best, but I only had a single supply to hand. This consisted of a 350Va - 24-0-24V toroidal transformer and 2 x 10,000mF caps in each power line and a 35amp solid state rectifier, giving me +/- 38vdc unloaded. This would result in a very slight reduction in power from the 60wpc output of the recommended power supply. Testing and biasing is simple following the instructions. DC offset in my case was about 5Mv and biasing set at the recommended 22Mv.

I connected to my 2 way monitor speakers (Ribbon Tweeters) with a frequency response from 35Hz - 40Khz and ran a a CD for listening test. I was totally amazed. Here was a very budget amplifier kit that had pretensions to be a Krell. There was no trace of hum or any other extraneous noise to interfere with the music even at high listening levels. Instruments and performers were very firmly locked into their own piece of the soundstage. Bass was very firm and deep and the Treble was as clean and open as a whistle.

Altogether a very balanced, clean and open sound. Remember the amplifier is not yet run in. After running for about 6 hours the heatsink temperature had risen 12 degrees over ambient level so no heat problems here.

This kit must be the absolute bargain for anyone who can solder and follow simple build instructions. It is the best kit amp I have ever heard and outperforms many amplifiers costing 20 times more. I would recommend this amp to anyone and am so impressed I will in due course return to Ampslab for a different more powerfull kit. Do not assume this kit is underpowered, it most certainly is powerfull enough for most circumstances but I am an inveterate meddler.

My congratulations to Michael Chua and staff at Ampslab. Keep up the good work in producing affordable audio gear. You may use any or all of this E Mail for publicity purposes.

from : ampslab.com

POWER AMP SCHEMATIC 2N3055

2009-09-01T10:25:00.000-07:00

c70
2N3055 + MJ2955

The c70 is a scaled down version of the c200. This does not imply an inferior performance, but rather a slightly simpler circuit due to the omission of the output protection network. Power output is less as the ever popular 2N3055 and MJ2955 are used. Properly constructed, it is surprising how good an amplifier can sound even with these "ancient" transistors.

Power supply requirements for 1 channel of c70 is a 25-0-25Vac, 100VA transformer for a supply rail of +-33Vdc. Filter capacitors are 2x10,000uF/50V. Output unclipped power is 45 Watts/RMS into 8 ohms and 70 Watts/RMS into 4 ohms.

For further information and power testing, kindly refer to the c200.

Mac Solitaire Game

2009-06-05T06:05:00.000-07:00

who does not love the game, in this world are so many people who love the game. and now a lot of this type of game, ranging from a simple game to game with the use otak.game must be able to make human resources a good imagination. game can also provide stimulus to the brain, the brain so that we become more intelligent. we may still be rare to find a good game in the Mac OS. from the standard microsoft windows Xp and visata. have called a solitaire game and now we also can play the game solitare Mac Solitaire. we may use the mac OS is still rare game can get the same game with the standard in the Windows Xp or Vista. and now you can play games on your Mac Os. Mac games are designed for us in the right who want to play the game good and high quality so the players can be satisfied. solitaire for mac can make you feel nostalgic for Solitare on the windows can be healed, and happy to be able to play solitaire. and not only in the windows you can only play solitaire on the Mac but you can also playing it.

Recovery from drug and alcohol addicted

2009-06-02T03:40:00.000-07:00

basically he can not be separated from the problems of life, better economy, and the love of any kind. and not infrequently of the many people in this world to take a bad way to finish their problems. and that this time my research is about drug abuse that many people considered as anti-stress medication. the drugs themselves are harmful, if not in use with both.

many ways in which the use of healing from alcohol and drugs, one of which is addiction intervention. this method is very good healing of the addicted to drink and drugs.

the second method is the Detox drug, which is the process that memabantu body memebersihkan to withdraw from drugs, alcohol consumption and have been in this way is very safe. Rehabilitation center in the other drug. you will never find a good way like this. habitue recovery for drugs and can be cured in olkohol drug Rehabilitation center. happy in order to live again as they are.

Rangkaian elektronika pengatur-penala antena

2009-02-03T21:49:00.000-08:00

Di dalam bagian ini di bahas tentang suatu rangkaian-sirkuit pengatur atau penempatan antena untuk pemancar SW gelombang 3-30 Mhz/short wave 3-30 Mhz

Untuk rangkaian transmacth ini sebenarnya tujuannya adalah menempatkan impedansi yang pas antara antena dengan pemancar sehingga terjadi perbandingan 1:1 di bacaan SWRnya,karena dalam penempatan ini rangkaian ini dihubungkan dengan SWR/standing wave ratio. Dengan begitu maksud dari 1:1 adalah satu yang keluar juga satu yang dipancarkan oleh antena bukannya cuma setengahnya saja.Impedansinya umumnya adalah 50 Ohm. Dengan rangkaian ini tenaga maksimum yang bisa lewat rangkaian ini adalah 50 Watt

RANGKAIAN ELEKTRONIKA INDIKASI BATERY LEMAH

2009-02-03T21:45:00.000-08:00

bateRi indikator sebenarnya didesign untuk rangkaian tenaga matahari dan otomotif tapi bisa juga di sembarang rangkaian elektronika. minimal tegangan yang dipakai adalah 12 volt,arus peringatan low voltage:15 ma.Nada bisa diubah dengan mengatur R7

SKEMA RANGKAIAN PEMANCAR AM

2009-02-03T21:43:00.000-08:00

Untuk pemancar AM ini berdaya lumayan besar,menggunakan penala ceramic resonator 3,587 mhz,dan dijual juga filter resonator dengan nilai 5,5 mhz,7,7 mhz dan 10,7 mhz.Jarak jangkauan pemancar ini kira-kira 2-4 km. prinsip kerja rangkaian ini adalah:filter resonator/ceramic filter membangkitkan frekuensi sebesar nilai dari filter resonator tsb. frekuensi ini diperkuat oleh transisitor t1.frekuensi ini bisa berubah sehingga dpperlukan c7 sebagai pengatur/penempatan. sinyal suara ditumpangkan lewat audio transformer.frekuensi yang terbangkitkan oleh filter resonator dan t1 diumpankan kepenguat selanjutnya untuk diperkuat sehingga mencapai daya yang diinginkan untuk dioper ke antena. t2 sebagai bufer dan t3 sebagai final power amp

SKEMA RANKAIAN RADIO AM-TERBARU 2009

2009-02-03T21:41:00.000-08:00

Untuk radio AM karena sekarang sudah susah untuk mencari IC ZN 414 maka sekarang bisa diganti dengan IC yang equivalen yaitu MK 484. Jangkauan frekuensinya antara 550 mhz-1600 khz,IC 3 pin ini mencakup rangkaian penala radio,penguat RF,automatic gain control,AM detektor. Rangkaian pengatur tegangan atau satu daya di buat oleh transistor BC 108B,4diada IN 4148, 2k7,820R,dan 10K trimpot,fungsi trimpot untuk selektifitas dari pengontrol semua rangkaian

SKEMA RANGKAIN ALARM AANTI KEBAKARAN

2009-02-03T21:33:00.000-08:00

Untuk alarm ini,sistem kerjanya adl bila ada asap yang ditimbulkan oleh api melewati antara bola lampu dan LDR sehingga penerimaan cahaya di LDR menjadi berkurang,sehingga nilai tahanan dariLDR menjadi lebih besar mengakibatkan tegangan diCOB/chip cukup untuk on/hidup,sehingga menghasilkan bunyi peringatan/alarm, dan suara tersebut diperkuat dengan amplifier TDA 2002 sehingga bunyi yang dihasilkan menjadi lebih keras

Rangkaian preamphead/head preamplifier

2009-02-03T21:31:00.001-08:00

Di dalam situs ini di bahas ttg satu penguat sinyal head menggunakam ic lm 387. Dan akan disajikan link-link ke situs-situs yang menyediakan tutorial elektronika dan free circuit. Untuk mendapatkan gambar yang jelas dari circuit ini klik pada gambar rangkaian tsb
rangkaian
Salah satu unsur untuk memproduksi suara yang bagus dlm tape player adalah preamphead.karena preamp head merupakan awal pemprosesan audio yang diambil oleh head.
Daftar komponen:
R1 = R5 = 56k C2 = C6 = 1,5nF R2 = R6 = 2,2M C3 = C7 = 22uF/10V R3 = R7 = 270 ohm C4 = C8 = 1uF/25V R4 = R8 = 330k C9 = C10 = 4,7uF/25V R9 = R10 = 100k IC = LM387